多軸CNC工具機之類型合成

本研究提出一種創新合成綜合工具機設計方法，首先選定一台現有的工具機當作原始機台，並分析機台之相對運動幾何特性，列出工具機的拓樸需求與限制條件，其中包括軸數量與樹圖點、邊數目與機型種類，機型種類包括單、雙工作台或單、雙主軸與機台各端點的作動關係等。將機台構造繪成樹圖，在由數目合成產生具符合拓樸需求與限制條件之全部可能的一般化樹圖，最後再進行特殊化樹圖，配置末端機件，包括工件主軸、工作台、刀具軸等;其次以排列組合來配置旋轉軸與平移軸，最後配置機架，繪出所有五軸複合工具機立式七大類與臥式四大類;六軸複合工具機立式二十二大類與臥式十一大類。由此方法設計符合設計條件之七軸、八軸綜合工具機，且整理各種常見刀具庫與自動換刀機構的種類。其次從創新的機台中篩選出最佳化機台，依工具機靜態誤差中的幾何誤差，運用齊次座標轉換矩陣，將各機件間的各項誤差座矩陣相成建立誤差模型，得出工件座標系與機台座標系之間的數學關係式。工具機誤差模型建立後，在計算工件與刀具端點的刀具位置誤差量，並設定誤差範圍，篩選出最佳化機台。

關鍵字

綜合工具機；樹圖；特殊化；自動換刀機構；齊次座標轉換

並列摘要

The purpose of this paper is to use of innovation synthetic methods for generate multi-axis machine tools. The first step is to select one of existing machines, to analyze topology, design requirement, constrained , motion characteristics and the magazine's design. Including the number of parts (points) and the joint (side) and determines the endpoint tree-graphs parts, model category including single, double-spindle or single, two-table, number of tool, and the endpoint machine operation relationship. Then, the mechanism converted into tree-graphs, through generalizes tree-graphs and specialized tree-graphs synthesized five to six-axis all machine tools. Five axis machine tools vertical and horizontal are seven types and four types. Six axis machine tools vertical and horizontal are twenty-two types and eleven types. Finally, synthesis of innovative seven and eight axis machine tools. Then to establish the error model for machine tools. The homogeneous transformation matrix (HTM) derives the error model to construct the coordinate System Schematic of machine tools, to calculation tool and workpiece of position error. Lists the filter conditions and Setting error range, select the best of the seven and eight-axis machine tools.

並列關鍵字

Machining Centers ； Tree-Graphs ； Specialized ； Automatic tool changer ； Homogeneous transformation matrix.

參考文獻

[8] 百德機械股份有限公司，http://www.quaser.com/index_tw.htm

[21] 德大機械股份有限公司，http://www.deta.com.tw/index.html#

[9] 永進機械工業股份有限公司，http://www.ycmcnc.com/index_tw.php

[20] 臻賞工業股份有限公司，http://www.chensound.com/cht/

[28] Fu-Chen Chen and Hong-Sen Yan, 1999, Configuration synthesis of machining centres with tool change mechanisms,International Journal of Machine Tools & Manufacture, Vol. 39, pp. 273–295.

國際替代計量

多軸CNC工具機之類型合成

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