- 學位論文
移動式無線感測網路訊號定位領域之入侵偵測目標追蹤系統
The Intruder Detection and Target Tracing System using Signal Position Area in Mobile Wireless Sensor Networks
摘要
本篇論文主要研究無線感測網路中入侵者偵測，追蹤入侵者的所在區域推估它可能的位置，並紀錄移動路徑。現今為了防範未然，提早得知新的環境和未知風險的存在，以便早做因應，環境監控，成為重大的議題，所以衍生出無人探測機，與無人的監控設備，來做為移動式感測器，對感興趣的範圍裡監控，因此本論文採用如磁鐵與磁鐵之間具有吸力與相斥的概念，提出虛擬力(Virtual force)排斥的方法，利用這樣的原理，把感測器當作磁鐵，相互排斥，這樣感測器的佈署就能達到感測區域全面覆蓋，接下來當有偵測到入侵者時，佈署完成的感測器，會建構出德勞內三角化(Delaunay triangulation)，來定位入侵者可能的位置，最後在漸漸縮小德勞內三角化，提高推估的定位位置，經由感測節點移動，將入侵者所經過的位置記錄下來，繪製追蹤的軌跡。本論文提出了一個方法為Virtual force Delaunay triangulation(VDT)，利用德勞內三角化做定位與追蹤；在VDT增加預測入侵者下一步的位置稱之為Prediction of Virtual Force and Delaunay Triangulation(VDTP)；為了修正入侵移動速度太快導致VDT可能會產生過大的定位誤差，所以利用距離分級的方式，讓VDT可以使用更多的節點進來運算，稱為Level Virtual force Delaunay triangulation(L-VDT)。本論文探討線性與非線性兩種入侵者移動的路徑，模擬結果顯示，在節點密度越高的狀況下，本論文提出的VDTP軌跡追蹤方法比三點定位的方法，其平均定位面積的誤差較小，在線性高密度的情境下，VDTP的定位面積可以比低密度情境下的縮小34.3%，非線性為24.1%。在線性佈署面積越大的情況下，VDTP的定位誤差可以比在佈署面積小的情況下提高41.2%精準度，非線性為20.7%。VDTP在所有模擬平均定位誤差比VDT好8.4%的精準度。
並列摘要
This paper mainly studies the intruder detection in the wireless sensing network. The proposed methods track the intruder by estimating the possible region of its location. And predict its moving path. There are many kinds of positioning technologies designed for indoors and outdoors. Current research issues focus on how to arrange sensors, how to detect the target, and how to position the location. This thesis proposes new intruder detection methods in wireless sensor network by using the concept of repellent force and attractive force. A virtual force model transferring the distance between sensors to moving distance is proposed to make the sensors organize themselves while sensors are deployed. The virtual force model will make the sensors fully cover the deployed area. Next the Delaunay Triangulations are sketched and used to mark the possible positions of intruder. The connected Delaunay Triangulations which mark the intruder will point out the tracking of the intruder. By dynamically changing the position of sensors and reorganizing Delaunay Triangulation, the position accuracy can be effectively improved. This thesis proposes three tracking methods. The first one is Virtual force Delaunay triangulation (VDT), which uses the Delaunay Triangulation and track the intruder. To improve the accuracy, the method using VDT with the ability to predict the position of intruder named Prediction of Virtual Force and Delaunay Triangulation(VDT) is proposed. To enhance the VDT to track the high moving speed intruder, the Level virtual force Delaunay Triangulation(L-VDT) is proposed. The intruder with straight moving path and curve moving path are discussed. Simulation results show that, in the case of high deploying density the proposed. VDTP method generates small error on average position area than the triangulation positioning method. The VDTP positioning area on the case that intruder moving path is straight can be reduced 34.3% if sensor are deployed in high density, and reduce 24.1% for the case of curve moving path. When the scenario changes to a large deploying area, the VDTP can increase 41.2% positioning accuracy for the straight moving path and increase 20.7% for the curve moving path. The overall average position error of VDTP is less than VDT about 8.4%.
參考文獻
延伸閱讀
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