ERP系統轉換之執行地圖

A Study for the Implementation Map of ERP System Migration

陳志葦(Chih-Wei Chen)

指導教授 ： 簡德金

國立虎尾科技大學/管理學院/資訊管理研究所/碩士(2008年)

摘要

ERP發展多年，企業導入ERP的比例越來越高，但相關研究顯示，多數企業仍然被推動困難或績效不彰所困擾。雖然學者們提出許多研究成果與專業經驗，企業仍無法有效促進其成功與滿意度。原因在於，ERP系統涉及組織流程、系統操作與軟體功能等多層面的連鎖性問題。而此問題，又與企業未能規劃系統化執行架構與步驟，有高度的正向關係。
因此，本研究透過文獻探討，且以PDCA管理循環為基礎，掌握ERP系統轉換執行上各項重要構面與項目。接著，在國內企業主管與專家意見下，利用Frequency Analysis與Delphi method等訪談技術，來確認其必要性、因果關係、責任歸屬與各項目之重要程度。另外，本研究亦運用Fuzzy Delphi Method檢驗執行架構，進而確保建構過程穩定性。最後，彙整研究結果，提出ERP系統轉換之執行地圖。
為了驗證研究成果的價值與可行性，本研究與國內四家企業合作，並進行觀察。結果發現，採用本研究之執行地圖進行ERP系統轉換的企業，有最佳的績效表現。其次，是以本研究地圖為重要參考資料，並擇要進行ERP系統轉換的企業。接著，是了解本研究地圖，但未確實參考，僅經由會議決議推動的企業。績效最低的，則是只依據主管之決策而進行的企業。因此，本研究之執行地圖，可正確引導企業成功推動ERP系統之轉換。

關鍵字

企業資源規劃、PDCA、執行地圖

並列摘要

The ERP has long-term history, but it is unable smoothly to be implemented. For solving this problem, many scholars address various study results and experiences, but the enterprises still cannot get the successful results. The chief reason is the ERP system concerning a variety of questions that includes the organization processes, the operation of system and the software function etc. The cause of these questions relate with the systematic planning and the capability of employee.
Accordingly, this research based on PDCA management cycle, and through literature review to understand the important items of ERP system migration. In order to confirm the necessity and the causality of each item, we carried out the expert’s profundity interview through Focus group interview and Delphi method. Furthermore, this article also used the Fuzzy theory and Frequency Analysis to represent the difference of importance of each domains/items. Finally, this research permeated through the quantitative analysis and qualitative analysis technology, in view of the execution construction surface category and the items, the responsibility ownership and cause and effect and so on three important information, proposes the implementation map of ERP system migration.
To confirm the value and feasibility of this research results, we assisted four cases companies in implementing ERP system migration program. The result discovered that, the best performance of enterprise is that completely coordinates the map to conduct the program. Next is taking the map as the important reference. And the next only understands this map, but not detail to reference its process. The worst enterprise is only based on the managers’ decision-making. Consequently, this research carries out the map, not only enhance internal resources conformity, but also can guide enterprises to effectively promote ERP system migration.

並列關鍵字

ERP、PDCA、Implementation Map

參考文獻

1. Abdullah, M. M. and Omar, S. A., "Impact assessment of an improper effluent control system : a Delphi study", Ecological Impact Assessment, 1997.

2. Bancroft, N. H., Seip, H. and Sprengel, A., Implenting SAP R/3, Greenwich: Manning, 1998.

3. Bardossy, A., Duckstein, L. and Bogardi, I., "Combina-tion of fuzzy numbers representing expert opinions. ", Fuzzy Sets and Systems, 57, pp.173-181, 1993.

4. Barker. T. and Frolick, M. "ERP Implementation Failure: A Case Study." , Information Systems Management , 20(4), pp. 43-49, 2003.

5. Bingi, P., Sharma, M. K. and Golda, J. K., "Critical Issues Affecting an ERP Implementation", Information Systems Management, 16(3), pp.7-14, 1999.