牛樟芝之栽培與生理活性的文獻回顧

樟芝（Antrodia cinnamomea）為台灣特有種真菌，僅生長在台灣特有植物老齡牛樟樹（Cinnamomum kanehirae）中空腐朽心材內。樟芝為台灣特有的藥用中藥，目前應用於多種肝臟疾病、藥物中毒的治療。其化學成分包括多醣體、三帖類合物、類固醇、苯類和順丁烯二酸衍生物等等。近來研究顯示，樟芝具有廣泛的生物活性，如保肝，降血壓，抗高血脂，免疫調節，抗癌，抗發炎，抗氧化活性和抗殺蟲劑等。樟芝的子實體和其發酵產品可用在治療肝臟疾病上，如預防乙醇，CCl4和細胞因子所誘導的肝損傷，並可抑制B型肝炎病毒，改善肝纖維化，以及抑制肝癌細胞。本論文除了針對樟芝的生理活性進行整理外，還比較各種樟芝培養法之差異。雖然目前相關的研究報導不多，但樟芝對於人體健康的潛在功效不容忽視。本篇文章提供一系列樟芝相關完整的資訊，希望有助於未來疾病預防相關研究，和樟芝潛在功效的開發，進而確保人類的健康。

關鍵字

樟芝；人工培養；生理活性；多醣體；三萜類

並列摘要

Niuchangchih（Antrodia cinnamomea） is an endemic fungal species which only parasitizes inside the decayed heartwood of Cinnamonum kanehirae in Taiwan. It is well known as a Chinese herbal medicines, and Taiwanese aborigines used this species to treat liver diseases and drug intoxication. The compounds identified in Niuchangchih are predominantly polysaccharides, triterpenoids, steroids, benzenoids, maleic/succinic acid derivatives, and so on. Recent research has revealed that Niuchangchih possesses extensive biological activity, such as hepatoprotective, antihypertensive, antihyperlipidem -ic, immunomodulatory, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant activities, anti-insecticidal, and the rest. The fruiting bodies and fermented products of Niuchangchih have been reported to exhibit activity when treating liver diseases, such as preventing ethanol-, CCl4-and cytokine-induced liver injury, inhibiting the hepatitis B virus, ameliorating liver fibrosis, and inhibiting liver cancer cells. The review not only to arrange the biological activity of Niuchangchih, but also to compare the difference in three kinds of artificial cultivation for Niuchangchih with wild Niuchangchih. Although related research reports was still limited, but the potential biological efficacy of Niuchangchih for human health cannot be ignored. The thesis prevents and summary a series of related information of Niuchangchih, which may be useful for future research of disease prevention, and exploitation of the potential efficacy of Niuchangchih, and ensured human health.

並列關鍵字

Antrodia cinnamomea ； artificial cultivation ； biological activity ； polysaccharides ； triterpenoids

參考文獻

[12]Chang, T.T. and Wang, W.R., 2005, “Basidiomatal formation of Antrodia cinnamomea on artificial agra media.”, Botanical Bulletin of Academia Sinica, 46, 151-154.

[13]Wang, W.M., Wu, R.Y. and Ko, W.H., 2005, “Variation and segregation following nuclear transplantation in Antrodia cinnamomea.”, Botanical Bulletin of Academia Sinica, 46, 217-222.

[18]Chang, T. T. and Chou,W.N., 2004, “Antrodia cinnamomea reconsidered and A. salmonea sp. nov. on Cunninghamia konishii in Taiwan.”, Botanical Bulletin- Academia Sinica Taipei, 45, 347-352.

[19]Chen, J.C., Lin,W.H., Chen, C.N., Sheu, S.J., Huang, S.J. and Chen, Y.L., 2001, “Development of Antrodia camphorata mycelium with submerged culture.”, Fungal Sciences, 16, 7-22.

[20]Chen, C.J., Su, C.H. and Lan, M.H., 2001, “Study on solid cultivation and bioactivity of Antrodia camphorata.”, Fungal Sciences, 16, 65-72.

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牛樟芝之栽培與生理活性的文獻回顧

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