- 學位論文
電腦輔助熱沖壓連續沖模設計之研究
A Study of Computer-Aided Design for Hot Stamping Progressive Dies
摘要
本研究是將連續沖模的沖壓技術與熱沖壓成型技術結合，並進行熱沖壓連續模電腦輔助設計。本研究在電腦輔助分析與電腦輔助繪圖兩者配合下，可節省模具開發時間，快速的在模具設計與開發中發現錯誤並及時修正，助於提高模具品質及產品良率。 應用DEFORM-3D電腦輔助分析軟體，模擬沖剪、加熱及熱沖壓成形製程。材料使用AISI-1045中碳鋼進行模擬；沖剪為冷作沖剪加工；使用線圈感應加熱加工；熱沖壓冷卻則是利用的模具冷卻水路注入冷水來進行模內淬火。模擬後在後處理階段分析沖頭壓力，以利沖床機台噸數的選用，模擬觀察加熱及冷卻所需時間，以及材料應力應變與溫度分佈變化，作為模具設計時的參考數據。 應用VISI電腦輔助模具設計軟體，進行熱沖壓連續沖模模具設計，從料帶佈置、製品分析、模座建立、標準零件建立。其中料帶佈置的方式則須考慮到各道次之間的連續性和關聯性，資料庫中載入標準零件可減少繪製模具時間，立體圖的顯示更容易觀察模板之間配置與干涉情形，在模具修改時無需重新繪製料帶或模板，可自由地將模具切割與結合，增加或減少道次，避免過多參數化繪圖時的拘束條件，此動作並不會影響料帶、零件、沖頭與模板之間的相對位置。 熱沖壓連續沖模在各道次中加工的時間需相互配合，基本上是以冷卻淬火的時間為主要參考，應用有限元素模擬模內淬火至麻田散鐵時間約為7秒，將加熱與冷卻製程應用在連續模中會出現兩種情況，一種是材料加熱至沃氏田鐵時間少於熱沖壓淬火至麻田散鐵時間，會形成加熱過久導致材料過熱，可更改加熱參數，如感應加熱線圈的頻率或電壓值；另一種為加熱至沃氏田鐵時間多於熱沖壓淬火至麻田散鐵時間兩倍以上，例如應用連續加熱爐爐內加熱模擬結果顯示，加熱至沃氏田鐵時間約為30秒，此時增加加熱的道次，平均分配至各加熱道次中。並在VISI軟體以實體切割結合方式簡易快速的修改模具，總之，應用電腦輔助分析及設計(CAE/CAD)於中小型零件的熱沖壓，將可快速有效確立各製程參數及完成沖壓成形及熱處理整合的連續沖模設計。
並列摘要
In this study, combination of the progressive die technology and hot stamping technology, and employing computer-aided to design hot stamping progressive die. The computer-aided analysis and computer-aided drawing in coordination, we can save time to mold development, and during the mold design and development found the errors and correct it. It’s helpful to improve the quality of the mold and the product yield. We use the application DEFORM-3D computer-aided analysis software to Punching, heating, hot stamping. The material model is AISI-1045 carbon steel; Punching is the cold work punching processing; Coil induction heating processing; hot stamping cooling is the use of the mold cooling channels into the cold water quenching. After simulation, we analysis the punching pressure as the conditions of the punch machine tonnage. Analysis of simulated heating and cooling that how time required, distribution and variation of materials equivalent stress, equivalent strain and temperature, as mold design and reference data. We use the application VISI computer-aided design software to conduct hot stamping progressive die design. From the strip layout, product analysis, base mold established till standard components established. Which the strip layout will be taking into account the continuity and relevance between each pass ways, the database can loading standard parts that reduce the drawing mold time. The stereogram display can easier to observe the template configuration and interference in the case. In the modify of the mold without the need to re-draw the strip or template, freedom to cutting and binding, increase or decrease the pass ways, and avoid to excessive parametric drawing binding conditions. This action does not affect between the strip, parts, punch and relative position. The Hot stamping progressive die processing time in each pass ways working in conjunction with the time. Basically, the quenching time is the main reference. The application of finite element simulation of quenching to martensitic takes about 7 seconds. There were two situations, when heating and cooling process in the progressive die.The one is material heated to austenite time less than hot stamping quenching to martensitic, The heating too long lead to overheating of materials, to change the heating parameters, such as induction heating coil, frequency or voltage. Another one is heated to austenite time longer than more than twice as hot stamping quenching to martensitic time. For example, the continuous furnace heating simulation results show that heated to austenite takes about 30 seconds. Increase heat pass ways evenly distributed to the various heating pass ways, and VISI software entity cutting the binding mode of the quick and easy to modify mold. However, the application of computer-aided analysis and design(CAD/CAE) for the small and medium-sized parts of hot stamping will be quickly and efficiently setting the process parameters, and completed stamping and heat treatment of progressive die design.