超高速切削智慧CNC帶鋸床與雙倍行程機構之電腦輔助設計與振動模態分析

The Computer-Aided Design and Vibration Modal Analysis of Ultra-High-Speed Cutting Intelligent CNC Band Saw and Double-Stroke Mechanism

賴湘焄(Siang-Syun Lai)

指導教授 ： 黃運琳

國立虎尾科技大學/工程學院/機械設計工程系碩士班/碩士(2017年)

摘要

近年來全世界都走向自動化及客製化方向發展，我國的工具機產業也跟著蓬勃發展，不管是電子業還是傳統的機械業，勢必都需要用到工具機來加工生產所需的產品，本論文主要以傳動機構的CNC帶鋸床加工機作為分析對象，將討論CNC帶鋸床加工機於加工時的傳動機構與承載鋸弓的振動變形，對估算各種力量的動態影響以ANSYS Workbench這套有限元素法分析軟體去探討其共振頻率與實驗模態分析(Experimental Modal Analysis)，並使用ME'scope VES這套實驗結構振動分析軟體對工具機做實驗模擬振動模型，本模態分析軟體所提供之主要功能為包括自然頻率分析、收斂性分析求取與模態振型圖的繪製。另外，亦可觀察出各軸向之時間域與頻率域訊號，以振動理論與模態測試實驗分析理論為依據，在仿真的情況下模擬工具機在做動時所產生的振動對於機台的動態影響以及各組件之間相互的作用力。將使用分析軟體ANSYS Workbench求出共振頻率及模態振型，敲擊實驗使用FleXDSA所得到的實驗數據，FleXDSA之軟體操作特色在於訊號擷取與資料處裡運算，可在相同的環境下同時進行。使用者僅需提供正確之實驗訊號，軟體將會自行運算出各振動參數，再將振動參數匯入ME'scope VES進行模型建構，求出實驗模態振型並與ANSYS Workbench之模態振型互相做分析比對，可得機台之最小共振頻率值及機台最大應力處，以確保機台之剛性是否足夠。雙倍行程機構之模態實驗分析亦使用相同方法進行建構模態振型，而不同於上者實驗，則是用RecurDyn做動態模擬分析，做雙倍行程機構之內部齒輪與齒條在相互嚙合時動態模擬，調整軟體之阻尼及材質參數，比對三軸之各別振動量進行探討振動來源，幫助使用者找出解決振動問題之方向。

關鍵字

有限元素分析 ； 模態振型 ； 模態振動分析 ； 振動敲擊實驗 ； 動態分析

並列摘要

recent years, it toward the direction of automation and customization for the whole world. No matter how the traditional mechanical or electronics industry goes on, it still requires machine tools. This study employed cutting intelligent CNC band saw as an numerical and experimental model to discuss flexible elastic deformation of the main components. The vibration and deformation of CNC band saw will be investigated when machine is working. The FEM software ANSYS Workbench can estimate dynamic impact forces, modal frequencies and mode shapes for numerical modal analysis. The modal frequencies and mode shapes are analyzed by ME'scope VES of Software for experimental modal analysis. In this research, the modal analysis software can help us to obtain natural frequency, damping ratio and mode shapes. In addition, it can observe the time domain and frequency domain signals based on the theory of numerical and experimental analysis of modal test. In this case, the dynamic effects of the vibration caused by the interaction between the components were simulated. Vibration impact test recorded the experimental data by FleXDSA software. The experimental data were imported into ME'scope VES software for the experimental modal analysis. The experimental modal frequencies and mode shapes were obtained and compared with the modal frequencies and modal shapes which were analyzed by ANSYS Workbench. The modal analysis of Double-Stroke Mechanism used the similar research procedures. However, the difference from the CNC band saw model was gear meshing frequencies analyzed by dynamic RecurDyn software. Compared with the three-axis amplitudes of different vibrations to explore the source of vibration to help users solve the vibration problem.

並列關鍵字

Finite Element Analysis ； Mode Shape ； Modal Analysis ； Vibration Impact Test ； Dynamic Analysis

參考文獻

[16] ME'scope VES–基太克國際股份有限公司。

[20] RecurDyn - 虎門科技股份有限公司。

[30] 虎門科技股份有限公司軟體介紹。

[3] ANSYS - Simulation Driven Product Development.

[7] 翁嘉駿，2005年7月，工具機動件最佳化設計與分析，中原大學機械