人格特質、工作壓力、工作滿意度與離職傾向之關係性研究

A Study of the Relationship among Personality Traits, Job Stress, Job Satisfaction and Turnover Intention

徐苡家(I-Chia Hsu)

指導教授 ： 張俊郎

國立虎尾科技大學/管理學院/工業管理系工業工程與管理碩士在職專班/碩士(2017年)

摘要

台灣因高齡化、少子化的趨勢，各產業缺工現象愈來愈嚴重，研究者深感人力招募日趨艱難，人力資源應將重心由”開源”，移轉至”節流”，亦即降低員工離職率，留任現有員工。
　　本研究針對製造業H集團單一廠區本國籍員工作為研究對象，共發出300份問卷，回收272份有效問卷，由此探討人格特質、工作壓力、工作滿意度與離職傾向之相互關係，藉以了解不同的人格特質、工作壓力負荷及工作滿意度高低，對離職傾向各有何影響。
　　透過信度分析、描述性統計分析、獨立樣本T檢定、單因子變異數分析、皮爾森積差相關分析及迴歸分析，本研究發現，較具有團隊合作精神、溫情性格的受訪者，較能消化工作壓力，不致於引發太大的情緒反應，不但對工作/公司的前景較有信心，工作滿意程度亦較高，進而較無離職意念，而工作期待認知程度高低(即對工作/公司前景具信心程度高低)，則是最為影響工作壓力及工作滿意度之主要因素，故離職傾向之降低，可由此採取根本作為。

關鍵字

人格特質 ； 工作壓力 ； 工作滿意度 ； 離職傾向

並列摘要

Because of the aging population and the low birth rate, it has been much more difficult for the companies in Taiwan to recruit their staff. The researcher of this thesis is concerned about this tendency and claims that human resources should put more emphasis on “employee retention” than on “recruitment,” that is to say, to reduce the wastage rate of staff and to retain the current employees.
　　The subjects of this study were native Taiwanese employees in the same plant area of a manufacturer, H Corporation. 300 questionnaires were sent out and 272 effective ones were recovered. This thesis aims to probe into the relation between personality traits, job stress, job satisfaction, and turnover intention for the purpose of understanding the influence of personality traits, job stress, and job satisfaction on turnover intention.
　　Through reliability analysis, descriptive statistical analysis, independent- sample T test, and analysis of single factor variance, Pearson product-moment correlation, and regression analysis, this research found that the mild-tempered interviewees possessing team spirit were more capable of relieving stress at work. These interviewees not only believed in company’s prosperity but also had higher satisfaction with work; therefore, their turnover intention was relatively lower. In other words, the confidence in job and company is the determining factor of job stress and job satisfaction. As a result, boosting employees’ confidence in job and company will benefit to lower the turnover intention.

並列關鍵字

personality traits ； job stress ； job satisfaction ； turnover intention

參考文獻

4.邱麗家（2006）。內部稽核人員人格特質、工作特性與工作滿意度關係之研究-以成就動機為中介變項。國立中山大學人力資源管理研究所碩士論文.

18.Abelson, M. A. (1987). Examination of avoidable and unavoidable turnover. Journal of Applied Psychology, 72(3), 382.

19.Allport, G. W. (1937). Personality: A Psychological Interpretation. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Rotter (1954, 1966).

20.Cattell, R. B. (1943). "The Description of Personality:Basic Trait resolved into Clusters. "Journal of abnormal and Social Psychology, 38, pp.476-506.

21.Cavanaugh, M. A., Boswell, W. R., Roehling, M. V., & Boudreau, J. W. (2000). An empirical examination of self-reported work stress among US managers. Journal of applied psychology, 85(1), 65.