摘要
有機太陽能電池作為一個有潛力的光伏元件正被積極的研究，由於水溶液製程與在製造過程中相對的簡單。對於太陽能電池的這種技術是有較低的成本、高生產量，像是旋轉塗佈或印刷技術。在此有機太陽能電池的主動層由poly (3-hexylthiophen e-2,5-diyl) (P3HT) 和 C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM)所組成。然而目前有機太陽能電池的光電轉換效率還是低於其他種類的電池。 現今使用有機共軛高分子與fullerene摻混形成電子施體/受體異質接面結構讓我們的有機共軛高分子太陽能電池的效率有明顯的提升，其中以P3HT poly [(3-hexylthiophen e-2,5-diyl)]和C60的衍生物PCBM [(6,6)-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester]為材料最有潛力也最讓人常使用。然而其材料受限於電荷傳輸速度及電子再結合的問題。 本文固定三種不同P3HT:PCBM參數去調整ZnS及CdS的濃度，來整理出最佳濃度並實現ZnS可減少PCBM濃度來達到節省成本的可能性。其中ZnS特性可增加激子的產生及電子傳輸，並且也可以改善其開路電壓；而CdS也具有相當高的電荷傳導能力。 在量測方面我們利用太陽光模擬來照射有機元件，然後量出其I-V曲線，並且利用IPCE來量測出此元件的EQE(外部量子效率)；在膜的部分我們量測其吸收、PL、粗糙度、EDS及TEM。藉由這些特性我們可以了解到加入奈米結構之後的有機太陽能電池所造成的影響，然後去比較出兩者之間的優劣。 從結果來看，在某些特定的濃度下，添加奈米粒子確實有提升效率之功效。在P3HT:PCBM=1:0.3時，效率隨著奈米粒子的濃度上升而增加，最大值位於濃度45wt%時，此時ZnS與CdS的效率分別為0.72%及0.84%，而未添加奈米粒子時效率為0.45%；在P3HT:PCBM=1:0.5時，效率最大值位於濃度30wt%，此時ZnS與CdS效率此時ZnS與CdS的效率分別為1.5%及1.41%，而未添加奈米粒子時效率為1.35%；在P3HT:PCBM=1:0.8時，效率隨濃度上升而下降。 最後將以本論文實驗為基礎，在未來可將奈米結構做其他的改良，來達到無機與有機的最佳混合，如此效率也將會達到更高的效果。
並列摘要
Organic solar cells are actively being researched as a potential photovoltaic device due to the solution processing and the relative ease in fabrication. The technologies used for the kind of solar cells are very low cost, high throughput manufacturing techniques, such as coating or printing. In the organic solar cells based on poly (3-hexylthiophen e-2,5-diyl) (P3HT) and C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM). However, the power conversion efficiency of organic solar cells is lower than the devices of other kinds. And now, we use donor/acceptor heterojunction structure that be mixed organic macromolecule by fullerene and let efficiency of our organic solar cells have obvious improvement, among them regard P3HT poly [(3-hexylthiophen e-2,5-diyl)] and PCBM [(6,6)-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester] as materials most potential and letting people often use most. But the materials are limited to the questions of carrier transport and combination. In this research, we adjust the concentration of ZnS and CdS in parameter of fixing three kinds of different P3HT: PCBM, to find out the best concentration and realize ZnS can reduce PCBM concentration to reach the possibility to reduce cost. Among them ZnS characteristic can increase exciton and carrier transport, and can improve open-circuit voltage; and CdS has high carrier transport. We make use of white light simulated illumination to shine organic solar cells to examine the respect in measure, then measure out its I-V characteristics, and utilize IPCE to measure and measure EQE of this sample. We amount examine absorption, roughness, SEM and TEM in the part of the film. We can know the effect that the organic solar cells after joining nanostructure causes by these characteristic, then compare the quality of the two. As the result, in the particular concentration, adding nanoparticle really has effect that increases the efficiency. At the P3HT:PCBM=1:0.3, efficiency increase as the concentration of nanoparticle increase, it is a maximum when the concentration is 45wt%, the efficiency of ZnS and CdS is 0.72% and 0.84% respectively, and efficiency has been 0.45% when not adding nanoparticle; at the P3HT:PCBM=1:0.5, it is a maximum when the concentration is 30wt%, the efficiency of ZnS and CdS is 1.5% and 1.41% respectively, and efficiency has been 1.35% when not adding nanoparticle; at the P3HT:PCBM=1:0.8, efficiency reduce as the concentration of nanoparticle increase. Finally, we will based on experiment of the research, can do the nanostructure the other improvement in the future, to reach the best mixing of organic and inorganic, such efficiency will reach higher result too.
參考文獻
延伸閱讀
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