摘要
石油資源日益減少，而潤滑油大部分為石油產物，且製程與產品均會造成一定的環境汙染，因此許多學者們在積極尋找替代能源或資源以取代石油的使用，例如：桐油、稻穀油、葵花油等生質潤滑油，然而國際上面臨糧食危機，因此以動植物提煉潤滑油仍有其缺點。本文以液態金屬(鎵銦錫合金)，進行物理性質及磨潤性質實驗，討論液態金屬作為潤滑劑的可行性，物理性質包含有熔點、黏度、密度、熱傳導係數，磨潤性質實驗利用並聯式磨潤試驗機以線接觸潤滑進行不同負荷、不同轉速測試並探討兩種液態金屬之潤滑性能。 液態金屬有熱傳導係數遠高於礦物油之優點，本文又調配出重量百分比Ga80 In13 Sn7比例液態金屬，可將一般液態金屬熔點10℃左右降為-15℃，已達到一般市售潤滑油之要求，而液態金屬凝固點為-17℃，其凝固點與熔點不同及XRD檢測即可確定液態金屬為非晶液體材料，由於液態金屬黏度偏低[5]，因此在液態金屬中嘗試加入添加劑，黏度測試實驗結果顯示40℃純液態金屬為0.24 cSt，混合添加劑之液態金屬上升為0.39 cSt，並且其在100℃僅下降28％(0.2 cSt)，而上升至100℃之R32潤滑油則是下降83％(26.32 cSt)，因此液態金屬能夠適應溫差較大及較高溫之工作環境。磨潤實驗顯示混合添加劑之液態金屬表現不論在試件表面溫升、摩擦係數均較純液態金屬有較穩定的表現，而在近似相同比膜厚下，混合添加劑液態金屬與R32潤滑油摩擦係數兩者表現相近，顯示液態金屬具有作為潤滑劑的潛力。
並列摘要
Petroleum resources are reducing day by day, while most lubricating is products of petroleum and its manufacture process and products will cause certain environmental pollution, therefore, many scholars are actively searching substitute energy or resources to replace use of petroleum, for example, biomass lubricating oil such as Chinese wood oil, rice oil and sunflower oil. Owing to food crisis, it still has defect in extracting lubricating oil from animals and plants. This paper takes liquid metal (Galinstan) to conduct the experiments of physical properties and tribological properties, discuss feasibility of liquid metal as lubricating agent, wherein the physical properties include melting point, viscosity, density and coefficient of thermal conductivity. The lubricating property experiment utilizes a parallel type tribological test machine to test different load and rotating speeds through line contact lubrication as well as discuss lubricating properties of the two liquid metals. The liquid metal has the advantage that its coefficient of thermal conductivity is higher than that of mineral oil. This paper further prepares liquid metal with a weight percentage of Ga80 In13 Sn7, which can decrease melting point of general liquid metal from about 10℃ to -15℃, thus it has reached the requirements of general commercially available lubricating oil. However, the freezing point of liquid metal is -17℃, thus the liquid metal can be determined to be amorphous liquid material for the difference of its freezing point and melting point through XRD test. Viscosity of liquid metal is relatively low [5], thus the liquid metal is added with additive. The viscosity experiment shows that the viscosity of 40℃ pure liquid metal is 0.24 cSt, that mixed with additive increases to 0.39 cSt, the viscosity at 100℃ only decreases 28％ (0.2 cSt), while viscosity of R32 lubricating at 100℃ oil decreases 83％(26.32 cSt), therefore, liquid metal can adapt to the working environments with higher temperature difference and higher temperature. The tribological experiment shows that the liquid metal mixed with additive is more stable than the pure liquid metal both in surface temperature rise and frictional coefficient. However, with approximately same film thickness, the frictional coefficient of the liquid metal mixed with additive is approximate to that of R32 lubricating oil, which shows that liquid metal has potential of being lubricating oil.
參考文獻
延伸閱讀
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