銀髮族休閒態度、休閒參與及成功老化知覺關係之研究—以雲林縣社區照顧關懷據點為例

Connections between Attitudes towards Leisure, Leisure Participation and Perception of Successful Aging among Older Adults – A Case Study of Community Care Facilities in Yunlin County

柯明孝(Ming-Hsiao Ko)

指導教授 ： 王文瑛

國立虎尾科技大學/文理學院/休閒遊憩系碩士班/碩士(2017年)

摘要

本研究主要目的為探討雲林縣社區照顧關懷據點銀髮族休閒參與的現況，再透過個別的銀髮族背景變項、休閒參與情形來與休閒態度和成功老化知覺等構面進行分析，顯示其差異性，以及探討銀髮族休閒態度對於成功老化知覺之間的影響程度。本研究採用問卷調查法，採立意抽樣的方式進行，有效問卷為231份，回收率為89.5%，有效問卷經過描述性統計、項目分析、信度分析、獨立樣本 t 檢定、單因子變異數分析、多元迴歸分析後，本研究結果發現：1.在本次調查中，以女性銀髮族居多，年齡主要分布在65~69歲，多數為已婚並且與配偶或同居人同住，教育程度以國小含以下的銀髮族居多，但也有半數以上的銀髮族是能識字的，目前多為退休狀況或無職業，經濟狀況為大致夠用，健康狀況以好或普通的為最多，且大約有八成的銀髮族有使用手機，而會使用電腦的銀髮族也有三成；2.銀髮族休閒參與活動類型次數的不同對於休閒態度、成功老化知覺具有顯著性差異；3.銀髮族在休閒態度之「休閒認知」、「休閒情感」以及「行為意向」構面，對於整體的「成功老化知覺」均具有顯著的正向影響。本研究將根據研究結論提供給政府部門推動長照計畫和民間相關單位進行休閒活動規劃的建議，以及對於後續研究提出嶄新的觀點與方向。

關鍵字

銀髮族 ； 休閒態度 ； 休閒參與 ； 成功老化知覺

並列摘要

This study investigated the current situation of older adults’ leisure participation in the community care facilities in Yunlin County. It analyzed the backgrounds, leisure participation, attitudes towards leisure, and perceptions of successful aging of individual older adults in order to show the differences and explore how older adults’ attitudes towards leisure influenced perceptions of successful aging. A survey method was employed with judgment sampling, and 231 valid questionnaires were recovered. The response rate was 89.5%. The valid questionnaires were analyzed by descriptive statistics, item analysis, reliability analysis, independent sample t-test, one-way ANOVA, and stepwise multiple regression analysis and the main findings were as follows: I. Female older adults aged 65 to 69 were the majority of the survey, and most of them were married and lived with their spouses or cohabitants. The highest education level of many older adults was the elementary school, but more than half of them were literate. Many had already retired or were out-of-work, and their economic status was fair. Their health status was mostly excellent or average. Roughly 80% of older adults used cell phones, and 30% could operate a computer. II. Different frequency of older adults’ participation in leisure activities caused significant contrasts regarding their attitudes towards leisure and perceptions of successful aging. III. In terms of their attitudes towards leisure, the leisure awareness, leisure affection, and behavioral intention of older adults had a positive impact on perceptions of successful aging in general. Based on the conclusion, suggestions on long-term care executed by the government and on leisure activity planning conducted by private sectors were offered, and new perspectives were also provided for future reference.

並列關鍵字

Older adults ； Attitudes towards leisure ； Leisure participation ； Perceptions of successful aging

參考文獻

[15]李宗派(2008)。美國退休社區休閒服務探討。臺灣老人保健學刊，4(2)，110-123。

[24]林仁和(2002)。社會心理學。初版，揚智文化事業股份有限公司，臺北市。

[25]林正祥、劉士嘉(2013)。臺灣老人成功與活躍老化之健康餘命探討。臺灣衛誌 2013，32(6)，562-575。

[49]高俊雄(2004)。運動休閒事業管理。初版，桂魯有限公司，臺北市。

[61]陳文喜(1999)。政府推展老人休閒活動的預期效益分析。大專體育，44，127-133。