鉛酸電池交流內阻量測系統開發設計

Design of the Measurement System for the AC Internal Resistance in Lead-Acid Battery

洪嘉男(Jia-Nan Hung)

指導教授 ： 劉煥彩

國立虎尾科技大學/電機資訊學院/電機工程系碩士班/碩士(2016年)

摘要

本論文提出一個無需額外電源的在線式量測鉛酸電池內阻的系統架構。透過量測內阻可檢測出電池的殘電量以及健康狀況。本系統也可以在鉛酸電池為動態時量測出電池本身的內阻；若電池為串聯或並連的狀態時也可直接量測單一顆電池之內阻。因此不必將電池拆卸下來即可量測，對於儲能系統或是難以拆卸電池的場所有著較大的效益和方便性。電池內阻量測原理使用交流量測法；參照電化學裡的電化學阻抗將電池內部複雜的化學反應等效成電子電路模型；對受測電池注入激勵正弦波訊號後，觀察電池本身的響應訊號進而得之內阻狀況。另外在搭配上四線式量測法降低線材對量測訊號的影響提升量測的精準度。本系統利用微控器作為中樞核心搭配上所設計的硬體電路和演算法。最後藉由顯示模組提供使用者了解當前的電池內阻狀況，當電池壽命或電容量下降得已立即維護避免不可預期之狀況發生。

關鍵字

交流內阻 ； 電化學阻抗 ； 鉛酸電池 ； 微控器 ； 在線式量測

並列摘要

This thesis proposes a system which measures the resistance of lead-acid battery without extra power supply online. This system could measure the resistance of dynamic battery. It is not necessary to remove the battery which can be measured. It is has better efficiency and convenience for energy storage system and difficult to remove the battery of place. According to (Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy, EIS) theory that could simplify complicate chemical reaction into simple electronic circuit model. Observing the response signal of the battery after that is injected sin-wave signal then resistance of battery can be measured. Reducing the impact on the signal wire to enhance the measurement accuracy by four-wire measurement method. The (Micro Controller Unit, MCU) is CPU of this system collocate hardware and algorithm. User could observe the status of resistance of battery by display module. The battery could be serviced with awful (State of Health, SOH) or (State of Charge, SOC) in immediately.

並列關鍵字

ac resistance ； electrochemical impedance spectroscopy ； lead-acid battery ； MCU ； online measurement

參考文獻

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[6] Hung-Cheng Chen, Shuo-Rong Chou, Hong-Chou Chen, Shing-Lih Wu, Liang-Rui Chen, "Fast Estimation of State of Charge for Lithium-ion Battery", International Symposium on Computer(IS3C), Jun 2014, pp. 284-284.