人格特質、工作壓力與身心健康關係之研究 -以雲林縣國民小學教師為例

Study on Relationship among Personality, Work Stress and Physical and Mental Health of the Elementary School Teachers in Yunlin County

李慧珍(Hui-Chen Lee)

指導教授 ： 鄧誠中 ； 紀麗秋

國立虎尾科技大學/管理學院/經營管理研究所在職專班/碩士(2014年)

摘要

本研究旨在探討雲林縣國小教師人格特質、工作壓力與身心健康之關係。首先探討雲林縣國小教師人格特質、工作壓力與身心健康之現況；並分析不同背景變項之教師人格特質、工作壓力與身心健康之差異。接著，探討人格特質、工作壓力與身心健康之相關性。最後，分析人格特質、工作壓力對身心健康之影響。
本研究以雲林縣512名國小教師為研究對象，採用問卷調查法進行資料收集，所得資料以描述統計、t 檢定、單因子變異數分析、皮爾森積差相關、逐步多元迴歸分析等統計方法加以分析。研究結果如下：
1.國小教師之人格特質傾向於「外向性」與「友善性」，工作壓力多來自於「工作負荷」與「教學輔導」層面，身心健康方面以「心理健康」的感受較差。
2.不同性別、年齡、年資與婚姻之國小教師其人格特質有顯著差異。
3.不同性別、年齡、年資、現任職務與婚姻之國小教師其工作壓力有顯著差異。
4.不同性別、年齡、年資、現任職務與婚姻之國小教師其身心健康有顯著差異。
5.人格特質、工作壓力與身心健康有顯著相關。
6.人格特質和工作壓力對身心健康具有預測力。
本研究根據結論，對國小教師、學校和教育行政單位及未來研究者提出具體建議。

關鍵字

國小教師 ； 人格特質 ； 工作壓力 ； 身心健康

並列摘要

This study explored the relationship among Personality, work stress, and physical and mental health of the elementary school teachers in Yunlin County. First, the researcher investigated personality raits, work stress and physical and mental health of the said teachers, and analyzed the differences those variables with different background variables. It also examined the correlation among Personality, work stress and physical and mental health. Finally, it analyzed the effects of Personality and work stress on physical and mental health.
The research subjects were 512 elementary school teachers in Yunlin County. Questionnaire survey was adopted. Data obtained were analyzed by statistical methods, including descriptive statistics, t test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson product-moment correlation, and multiple stepwise regression analysis. Research findings are shown as follows:
1. Elementary school teachers’ Personality refer to “extraversion” and “agreeableness”. Work stress is mostly from “work loading” and “instructional guidance”. As to physical and mental health, perception of “mental health” is lower.
2. Personality of elementary school teachers with different genders, ages, working years and marital status are significantly different.
3. Work stress of elementary school teachers with different genders, ages, working years and marital status are significantly different.
4. Physical and mental health of elementary school teachers with different gender, ages, working years, current post and marital status are significantly different.
5. Personality and work stress have significant correlation with physical and mental health.
6. Personality and work stress can predict physical and mental health.
Based on the results, this study proposes specific suggestions for elementary school teachers, schools, educational authority and future researchers.

並列關鍵字

elementary school teachers ； Personality ； work stress ； physical and mental health

參考文獻

一、 中文部分

丁興祥 (2004)。人格理論 (第二版)。台北市：揚智。

方怡靜 (2007)。國小教師人格特質與師生衝突、學生人際衝突因應策略之相關研究。國立台南大學教育學系輔導教學碩士論文，未出版，台南市。

王以仁、林本喬、陳芳玲 (2005)。教師心理衛生 (第二版)。台北市：心理。

王以仁，陳芳玲，林本喬 (1992)。教師心理衛生。台北市：心理。