塑膠材料磨潤實驗之研究

Tribology Experimental Study of Plastic Material

吳家仁(Chia-Jen Wu)

指導教授 ： 謝宜宸

國立虎尾科技大學/工程學院/機械與機電工程研究所在職專班/碩士(2014年)

摘要

當兩塑膠元件接觸產生相對運動時，兩元件所接觸之表面必定會因相對運動產生表面摩擦效應，此時必須考慮表面間之接觸性質，如磨潤、磨耗、接觸方式等現象。本研究為了模擬塑膠元件接觸時，所產生的相對運動，必須透過並聯式磨潤試驗機來進行實驗，本實驗目的在於分析兩元件在接觸時，以相同轉數、正向力、磨潤時間之參數，對不同塑膠的材質所產生線接觸之磨潤進行分析，藉由分析的過程，探討其變化的差異及磨潤後的表面粗糙度。
本文主要探討塑膠材料進行磨潤試驗之研究，實驗試片分上下試片，上試片的材質:POM、PE、PP、鐵，另外下試片的材質:POM、PE、PP，依不同材料搭配區分為12組類別，再由12組類別中依磨潤條件的不同細分為36小組進行磨潤試驗，並由實驗所得之數據，分析在相同正向力、轉速和磨潤時間下與摩擦力的關聯性，再應運用摩擦力公式F(摩擦力)=u(摩擦係數) x N(正向負荷力)求得摩擦係數，建立摩擦係數與磨耗時間關係曲線，進而從曲線中了解接觸元件的磨潤特性。
本研究所建立出摩擦係數與磨耗關係曲線中，可清楚分析出使用的實驗材料在何種磨潤條件下，可得到最大及最小摩擦係數，其實驗數據結果發現：
一、在相同材料情況下，上下試件均使用塑膠搭配進行磨潤實驗，無使用潤滑油的情況下摩擦係最大，使用27號潤滑油時磨擦係數最小。
二、在相同材料情況下，上試件鐵與下試件塑膠搭配進行磨潤試驗，無使用潤滑油的情況下摩擦係最大，使用42號潤滑油時磨擦係數最小。
三、在不同材料下，無使用潤滑油的情況下進行磨潤試驗，上試件POM對下試件PP產生摩擦係數最大，而上試件鐵對下試件PE產生摩擦係數最小。
四、在不同材料情況下，使用27號潤滑油進行磨潤試驗，上試件POM對下試件PP產生摩擦係數最大，而上試件PP對下試件PP產生摩擦係數最小。
五、在不同材料情況下，使用42號潤滑油進行磨潤試驗，上試件POM對下試件PP產生摩擦係數最大，而上試件PP對下試件PP產生摩擦係數最小。
六、針對本實驗所使用的材料進行無潤滑油、27號、42號潤滑油三種磨潤試驗，實驗得知:無使用潤滑油情況以上試件POM對下試件PP摩擦係數最大，在使用潤滑油的情況以27號潤滑油會使上試件PP對下試件PP產生最小摩擦係數。

關鍵字

磨耗 ； 磨潤 ； 摩擦係數 ； 表面粗糙度

並列摘要

When the relative motion was caused by two plastic elements, the friction was due to the relative motion of the surface from two plastic elements. At this time I have to consider the quality of the surface I contacted, ex. friction, wear and contact modes. I used. In order to simulate the motion after the two contacted elements in this study, we simulate with the parallel tribological test machine. I tried to know the results of different plastic materials were caused by tribological test which with the same parameters contain speed, physical force and time. Through analyses of tribological tests I discussed the differences and surface roughness.
This study focuses on the tribological test of different plastic materials contain POM, PE, PP and iron, and sorted 12 types, then classified 36 types with tribological tests. By the data of tests, I analyzed the interrelation between 3 parameters and friction, and used the formula : F = u * N to get the coefficient of friction then established the curve between coefficient of friction and time. The curve shows the tribological characters of elements.
From the time curve and coefficient of friction which established by this study, that shows the the maximum and minimum coefficient of friction in any limits. The database reveals:
(1) In the same material, if the upper and lower specimens are both plastic and carried out tribological test. The result reveals that the maximum coefficient of friction is caused when the test is carried out without lubricant, the minimum coefficient of friction is caused when the test is carried out with the 27th lubricant.
(2) In the same material, if the upper specimen is iron and lower specimen is plastic. After tribological test, the result reveals that the maximum coefficient of friction is caused when the test is carried out without lubricant, the minimum coefficient of friction is caused when the test is carried out with the 42th lubricant.
(3) In different materials, if the tribological test is carried out without lubricant. The maximum coefficient of friction is caused when the test materials are POM and PP, the minimum coefficient of friction is caused when the test materials are iron and PE.
(4) In different materials, if the tribological test is carried out with 27th lubricant. The maximum coefficient of friction is caused when the test materials are POM and PP, the minimum coefficient of friction is caused when the test materials are PP and PP.
(5) In different materials, if the tribological test is carried out with 42th lubricant. The maximum coefficient of friction is caused when the test materials are POM and PP, the minimum coefficient of friction is caused when the test materials are PP and PP.
(6) Due to the tribological tests are carried out with 27th lubricant, 42th lubricant and without lubricant. The result reveals: if the tribological test is carried out without lubricant, the maximum coefficient of friction is caused when the test materials are POM and PP. If the tribological test is carried out with 27th lubricant, the minimum coefficient of friction is caused when the test materials are both PP.

並列關鍵字

wear ； tribology ； coefficient of friction ； surface roughness

參考文獻

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