伺服器代工業供應鏈中推式與拉式的存貨策略優化之研究

Push and Pull Supply Chain Optimal Management on VMI Business Model among Server ODM/OEM Companies

陳士皓(Shih-Hao Chen)

指導教授 ： 姚銘忠

國立交通大學/管理學院/管理學院高階主管管理碩士學程/碩士(2018年)

摘要

全球伺服器品牌(DELL、HP、IBM、LENOVO)在供應鏈管理上面採取拉式的供應鏈管理模式，將產品設計成最後組裝的生產地點在最接近終端客戶的地方，要求ODM/OEM廠商將模組化的半成品以供應商管理存貨(Vendor Managed Inventory,VMI)的管理方式，將模組化的半成品存貨放置在將近組裝廠的周圍、甚至在組裝廠工廠裡面。
因為伺服器機箱體積太大，伺服器品牌都是設計成將主機板和一些周邊小卡組裝在機箱裡面，以海運的方式出貨。ODM/OEM廠商在VMI的存貨和運輸在途存貨(Material In Transit,MIT)必須滿足伺服器品牌客戶的最低存貨要求以外、再加上運輸途中的存貨，經常都是2個月以上的存貨。如果伺服器品牌客戶的預測準確度不高的話，對ODM/OEM的VMI存貨將是一筆很大的資金負擔。
本研究運用以流程為導向的供應鏈作業參考(Supply-Chain Operations Reference, SCOR)模型為企業建立供應鏈流程參考模型，藉此深入探討供應鏈佈局。SCOR模型也以作為供應鏈的診斷工具，它能使供應鏈夥伴間有效溝通供應鏈問題。藉由深度訪談的方式，了解個案公司在導入延遲生產、出貨的拉式供應鏈管理方法時所遇到的問題。對推式和拉式兩種供應鏈的管理方法做進一步分析如何並用以減低客戶缺貨的風險和ODM/OEM存貨的風險、在不同單位存貨的績效考核(Key Performance Indicators, KPI)設定、以及產品設計以更符合延遲生產出貨等方面提出建議，提供協助管理者提出更優質的戰略決策。

關鍵字

供應鏈

並列摘要

The Global Server OBM(DELL、HP、IBM、LENOVO) designed pull Supply Chain management.OBM selected the final assembly factory which near end customer.OBM requested ODM/OEM to provide semi-finish goods inventory that nears the final assembly factory or inside the factory.
The cassis volume for server product is huge.OBM designed the main board or cards inside the chassis and arranged ocean shipment. ODM/OEM must offer the minimum inventory in VMI and MIT inventory on ocean shipment.It is more than 2 months inventory for ODM/OEM.If OBM forecast accuracy performance is not good then ODM/OEM has to undertake VMI inventory burden on cash flow.
This research utilizes the process-oriented Supply Chain Operations Reference (SCOR) model as our analysis tool for investigating the distribution of the supply chain.Through the penetrate interview, we understand the problems after W-company implement the postponement methodology on production and shipment.The research analysis what is the optimal push and pull supply chain parallel management in order to lower the shortage risk on OBM and inventory risk on ODM/OEM. It also provides the suggestion on inventory KPI design on defferent department and product design for pull supply chain management.

並列關鍵字

Supply Chain

參考文獻

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