日本各區域之回收效率分析：網絡資料包絡分析法之應用

Recycling Efficiencies of Regions in Japan: An Application of Network DEA

張資敏(Tzu-Min Chang)

指導教授 ： 胡均立

國立交通大學/管理學院/管理學院經營管理學程/碩士(2020年)

摘要

近年來，國際企業和各國政府都致力於永續性和循環性的相關議題，以國家層級來看，固體廢棄物管理（SWM）或城市固體廢棄物（MSW）以及如何正確管理廢棄物對地方政府至關重要。許多國家以健康問題為起因，開始關注廢棄物需要得到妥善處理的問題，隨著經濟的快速發展和現代化，垃圾掩埋場的短缺也是主要問題，相關法規也得到制定和執行。回收效率因此顯得很重要，本研究是研究兩階段廢物生產和回收模型的先驅。日本在SWM和MSW方面具有較早的發展，並且還提倡了3R（減少，重複使用和回收利用），以建立一個健全的物質循環社會。由於政府在城市固體廢棄物中投入了大量資金和人力資源，因此本研究選擇日本為案例研究，以探索日本在兩階段模型中的回收效率績效。本研究將日本的回收廢物處理過程分為兩個主要階段，並採用網絡DEA方法來衡量日本47個行政區域的回收效率。從日本環境省提供的2013到2017年的數據，本研究選擇多個投入和產出項。從實證結果來看，日本在觀察期內的整體回收效率績效沒有顯著變化。整體而言，第一階段，也就是廢物回收的效率，比起第二階段，回收材料的處理和程序表現的要差。本研究進一步將這些地區分為都市和鄉村兩群，並觀察和比較回收效率的表現。本研究發現在過去的五年中，都市群體的表現一直優於鄉村群體，主要是因為都市群體在第一階段的廢物收集工作表現的更好。在團體回收的部份，實際回收數量和目標值有很大的差異，顯示當地政府應致力於提高地方交流和志願團體來做垃圾回收工作。所有地區在第二階段的廢物回收處理和程序均表現良好，這表示日本在廢物處理的技術和效率並不存在區域差異。

關鍵字

回收效率 ； 網絡資料包絡分析法 ； 日本 ； 固體廢物管理 ； 城市固體廢物 ； 效率

並列摘要

Sustainability and circularity are popular issues in recent years, and enterprises and governments around the globe all commit to work on this to provide a sustainable environment to next generation. In country level, the solid waste management (SWM), or municipal solid waste (MSW), and how to properly manage the waste are critical to local government. Many countries start with health concerns as the wastes need to be properly handled, and with rapid economic development and modernization, the shortage of landfill are also major concerns. Relevant regulations are also developed and implemented. The recycling efficiency is important, and this study focus on a 2-stage waste generation and recycling activity model. Japan has early development history in the SWM and MSW, and they also promote 3R, Reduce, Reuse and Recycle, to build a sound material-cycled society. As governments all over the world dedicate significant amount of capital and human resources to MSW, Japan is selected as a case study to explore its recycling efficiencies in the 2-stage model. This study assesses Japan’s recycling waste processes into 2 major stage, waste collection as stage 1, and treatment and process of the recycling wastes as stage 2. The network DEA method is adopted to measure the recycling efficiencies of 47 administrative regions in Japan. Multiple inputs and outputs are selected from 2013 to 2017 and the data is provided by the Ministry of Environment in Japan. The empirical result indicates no dramatic change in overall recycling efficiency in Japan during the observing period. The efficiency of stage 1, waste collection, performs worse than stage 2, treatment and process of recyclables. These regions were further divided into two groups, metropolitan and rural areas, and observe and compare the recycling efficiency performance. The metropolitan group constantly outperform rural group, and the major reason is that metropolitan group perform better in stage 1, waste collection. The slack is large in group collection, suggest that local government should focus on improving the waste collection from local communicates and volunteer groups. All regions perform relatively efficient in stage 2, treatment and process of the recycling waste, suggesting that there is no regional difference in efficiencies or technologies in processing the recycling waste in Japan.

並列關鍵字

Recycling efficiency ； Network DEA ； Japan ； Solid Waste Management ； Efficiency ； Municipal Solid Waste

參考文獻

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