瑞芳金礦的開採與聚落社會,1889-1971

The exploiting system and social community of Rui Fang gold mine ,1889-1971

謝錦萍(Chin-ping Hsieh)

指導教授 ： 李力庸

國立中央大學/文學院/歷史研究所碩士在職專班/碩士(2008年)

摘要

本研究探討的主題是以瑞芳金礦從礦脈發現到結束開採，其中開採制度變革的原因及過程，以其變革對產量及經濟發展的影響為研究重點。另外黃金生產除與自然環境相關，政府的開採政策在其中扮演何種角色。本文並以瑞芳金礦所在地九份聚落為研究主要範圍來探討開採制度對聚落發展的影響。
在論文內容簡介方面：本論文共分為六章，除第一章緒論及第六章結論外，分別為：第二章清末至日治初期臺灣採金政策與直營開採，探討黃金政策與瑞芳金礦的初採。第三章日治中期承包制的興起，研究承包制在瑞芳金礦的出現及影響。第四章戰後承包制的沒落，則研究瑞芳金礦為何不再使用承包制。第五章九份聚落與社會，探究承包制在九份聚落社會塑形過程中所扮演的角色。
本論文透過史料的研究及分析，探討出以下結果。從清代、日治時期到中華民國政府統治，都曾隨著經濟的變化而調整黃金政策，並對金礦業開採產生鼓勵或壓抑的作用，由此可知礦業生產與政府政策有密不可分的關係；日治時期雖引進新式開採，但主要以獲得臺灣礦利為主，並企圖將臺灣的黃金生產與日本國內經濟狀況結合；瑞芳金礦因其礦脈的成因及人為因素，發展出與其他金礦區不同的承包制度，並影響其往後的生產方式及產量，在其中人為的操作扮演相當重要的角色；九份聚落長期使用承包制，使聚落社會呈現出活潑多變的面貌，與鄰近礦區截然不同。代表礦產相同的礦區在不同的開採制度運作下，不但在產量及開發上有不同的結果，在聚落社會亦承現不同的面貌。
關鍵字：瑞芳金礦、九份聚落、承包制、臺陽

關鍵字

瑞芳金礦 ； 九份聚落 ； 承包制 ； 臺陽

並列摘要

The theme of the research is on the reason and course of the exploiting reformation from the mineral ore to finishing exploiting with the Rui Fang gold mine, and we put the focal point on the impact on output and economic development about the exploiting reformation. Moreover the gold production is related with not only the natural environment, but government''s mining policy which acts what kind of role in. This article discusses how the mining system influences the settlement development by taking the Rui Fang gold ore which is in the Jiu Fen community as the research main scope.
The paper synopsis: The paper divides into six chapters. Besides the first chapter about the introduction and the sixth chapter about the conclusion, the others are: The second chapter is about the gold exploitation and the straight camp mining in Taiwan from latter stage of Qing Dynasty to Japanese colonial initial period, and will discuss the gold policy and the initially exploitation of Rui Fang gold ore. The third chapter is about the rise of the contract system in Japanese colonial middle period, and we also research the appearance and the influence about the contract system in the Rui Fang gold ore. The fourth chapter is about the declining of the postwar contract system, and why people no longer used the contract system in Rui Fang gold ore then. The fifth chapter is about Jiu Fen community and the society, and inquires into how the contract system played the role in Jiu Fen community and the society in the shape process.
The paper probes out the following results through the research and the analysis of historical data from the Qing Dynasty, Japanese colonial period to Republic of China government, it all adjusted the gold policy with the economical change, and had the function of the encouragement or constrains to the gold ore mining industry. Thus it may be known the mining industry production and the government policy have the inseparable relations. Although people brought in the new mining style in Japanese colonial period, main benefit primarily depended on the Taiwan mining industry, and we also attempt to union Taiwan''s gold production and Japanese domestic economical condition by the facts. Because of its origin of the mineral lode and the human factors in Rui Fang gold ore, people developed different contract systems which were unlike other golden mining areas, and that would affect the production method and the output in the future. In this condition the artificial operation acts quite important role. Jiu Fen community used contract system during the long-term period, and it made the community in that society present the lively and changeable appearance which was different from other golden mining areas. The minerals under different mining operation system but in the same mining area not only had the different result in the output and the development, but also displayed the different appearances in the settlement society.
Key word: Rui Fang gold mine, Jiu Fen Community, the contract system, Tai Yang

並列關鍵字

Jiu Fen Community ； Rui Fang gold mine ； Tai Yang ； the contract system

參考文獻

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林朝棨，《臺灣的金礦業》，臺灣特產叢刊第6種(臺北：臺灣銀行經濟研究室，1950年)。

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