交通量與氣候影響國道抗滑值與交維方案之研究

抗滑值(路安)為交通量龐大的國道高速公路之重要課題，國道為台灣主要之經濟命脈，四條國道由北至南貫通全台灣使得交通運輸便利性大幅提升，再加上東西向五條國道之相輔相成，使國道高速公路成為國人日常生活中不可或缺的一環，由此可知國道高速公路之品質勢必為全國上下所關注之焦點，其中又以道路之順暢性與安全性最為重要，因此本研究以國道高速公路之路暢與路安為課題進行分析。為了提升國道高速公路之路暢與路安，本研究將以交通量為重點進行後續之相關分析，首先針對國道高速公路現有之路面檢測項目以及檢測方法進行全盤了解，之後為了因應國道高速公路之抗滑值(路安)普查，而為國道量身打造一套完整的檢測計畫，並於民國102 年6 月將國道全線之抗滑值普查完畢，檢測範圍為各國道順逆向內外車道每500 公尺1 個檢測點位，透過初步的普查作業與後續的相關分析作業將有利於國道高速公路之路暢與路安維持與提升。路安之提升必須計算出道路抗滑值之劣化方程式，首先將抗滑值資料配合交通量與氣候資料進行關聯性分析，發現國道抗滑值與交通量有較高的關聯性，而與氣候(氣溫與降雨)的關聯性則較低，採用交通量與氣候做為抗滑值劣化方程式之影響因素，本研究將國道全線交通量資料由大至小分為五群，所以可呈現出在各種交通量各自的抗滑值劣化方程式，有助於維持與提升國道高速公路之路安等級。國道高速公路不分晝夜持續的有各式車輛通過，路面的破壞一旦超過相關規範隨即需要養護，而所有的交維方法之中又以中長期性交維對於國道用路人之影響較大且較長期，為了維持國道在養護施工時之用路人滿意度，所以由國道全線交通量導入服務水準進行計算分析，以服務水準不落入最低等級為前提之下，得到國道高速公路各路段建議之交維方式，有助於維持與提升國道高速公路之路暢等級。

關鍵字

國道高速公路；交通量；抗滑值；劣化方程式；遺傳規劃法

並列摘要

Skid number, concerning road traffic safety, is an important issue of our national freeway system that carries a heavy traffic flow. The national freeway system is the economic arteries in Taiwan, four national freeways of which go through Taiwan from north to south, complemented by five national freeways from east to west. The national freeway system has enhanced the convenience of transporting throughout the island greatly and has become indispensable for the people of this island. Therefore, we can tell that the quality of our national freeway must be the focus of the whole country’s attention, and among all the freeness and safety of traffic are most important. I thus have chosen to analyze the freeness and safety of traffic of our national freeway in this study. In order to enhance the traffic freeness and safety of our national freeway, this study will focus on traffic flow and proceed to following related analysis. First of all, I achieved a full comprehension of the entries and methods of the general survey on the present pavement of our national freeway. Secondly, to cope with the general survey of skid number of the national freeway, which concerns the road traffic safety, I have customized a complete survey plan for the national freeway, and finished the general survey by June, 2013. The survey and the following related analysis would be beneficial to the maintenance and enhancement of the traffic freeness and road traffic safety of our national freeway. To improve road traffic safety requires figuring out the degradation equation of the skid number. First, I conducted a correlation analysis between the skid number and the traffic flow, and between the skid number and the climate data. Then I discovered that the correlation between the skid number and the traffic flow is higher, while the correlation between the skid number and the climate, namely the temperature and the rainfall, is lower. Adopting traffic flow and climate as the factors of the degradation equation of the skid number, this study divides the data of traffic flow of the entire national freeway system into five groups, and thus is able to present each degradation equation of skid number of various traffic flow, and helps maintain and elevate the level of road traffic safety of the national freeway. Various kinds of vehicles run over the pavement of the national freeway night and day, and once the degradation of pavement exceeds the related standard, the road demands maintenance. Among all methods of maintenance construction, it is the medium- to long-term construction that has more significant and longer impact on the people. For the sake of the freeway users’ satisfaction during maintenance construction, I have adopted service level in the calculation and analysis of the traffic flow of the entire freeway system. On the premise that the service level doesn’t fall into the lowest rank, this study has concluded the recommended approach of traffic maintenance for different sections of the national freeway, which helps maintain and improve the free flow of the national freeway

並列關鍵字

national freeway ； traffic flow ； skid number ； degradation equation ； genetic programming

參考文獻

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交通量與氣候影響國道抗滑值與交維方案之研究

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