水足跡盤查分析與節水策略-以某印刷電路板軟板廠為例

Inventory Analysis on Water Footprint and Applications of Water-Saving Strategy - A case study on a Flexible Printed Circuit Board Factory

黄裕德(Yu-de Huang)

指導教授 ： 秦靜如

國立中央大學/工學院/環境工程研究所/碩士(2013年)

摘要

水是維持人類生存三要素之一，亦是維持國家經濟與社會發展過程中重要天然資源。地表上97%以上的水無法直接利用，真正能做為使用的淡水水資源僅不到0.5%，十分稀少。近年來由於經濟、人口快速成長帶動用水需求急遽增加，加上環境破壞與氣候變遷等因素，導致水資源供給問題日趨惡化。本研究主要針對國際間水資源短缺之議題，所提出及衍生之水足跡概念進行研究及探討，依據現行各國最常引用WFN所公佈-水足跡評估手冊做為評估工具，並選定國內案例CFP廠(印刷電路板-軟板)做為盤查對象，調查各生產製程內水足跡，並依盤查結果進行比對分析，以了解印刷電路板廠各製程內部水之實際分布狀況，並依據結果提供節水改善建議。由結果顯示，印刷電路板軟板年度產品總水足跡為0.019m3/pcs，其中藍水足跡為0.017m3/pcs，佔總水足跡89.47%，灰水足跡為0.002m3/pcs，佔總水足跡10.53%，綠水足跡則因本案例未使用綠水作為生產用水，綠水足跡為0。更進一步探討分析單月製程水足跡、各機台製程水足跡及與同業盤查後討論之結果，發現藍水足跡遠大於灰水足跡，所佔比例均大於80%以上，顯示研究案例產業別於生產製程中所使用到水資源相較於其他產業來說所佔比重較大;期望藉由本研究水足跡盤查所獲得印刷電路板軟板產業內部水分布狀況及特性，能提供相關企業在水資源規劃及管理上作為參考，並更加了解水資源之重要性，提前進行有效性規劃，以降低水資源不足帶來之風險及影響。

關鍵字

水足跡 ； 印刷電路板軟板 ； 節水

並列摘要

Water is the one of the three elements for sustaining the lives of humans, and it is an important natural resource in maintaining the process of the country's economic and social development. More than 97% of water on earth cannot be directly used, therefore the fresh water resources that can be actually used accounts for less than 0.5%, which is very scarce. In recent years, due to the increase in water demand driven by economic and rapid population growth, and taking into account the factors contributing to environmental destruction and climate change and so on, the problem of water supply has worsened day by day. This study focuses on the issues of international water shortage, conducts research and discussion on the proposed concept of water footprint, takes the existing Water Footprint Assessment Manual announced by WFN most frequently cited in the country as an assessment tool, selects the domestic case of the CFP Factory (printed circuit board - FPC) as an inventory tool to investigate the water footprint within each production process, and conducts the comparison analysis by the inventory results, so as to learn the actual water distribution within the processes of a printed circuit board, and propose the water-saving improvement suggestions based on the results. The results show that the total water footprint of the annual products of the flexible printed circuit board factory is 0.019m3/pcs, wherein the blue water footprint is 0.017m3/pcs, which occupies 89.47% of the total water footprint; the gray water footprint is 0.002m3/pcs, which occupies 10.53% of the total water footprint; while the green water footprint is 0, as this case did not use the green water footprint as process production water supply.From the further discussion and analysis on the water footprint of a single month process and each machine process as well as the results after discussing the industry's inventory, it can be learned that the water footprint of blue water is much larger than that of gray water, with the proportion occupied at more than 80%, compared with other industries. This shows that the water resources used in the production process of the industry in the case study takes up a larger proportion. The study expects to obtain the water distribution and characteristics in the flexible printed circuit board industry by water footprint inventory. This can be provided for the related enterprises as a reference in the planning and management of water resources, and realize the importance of water resources, so as to conduct effective planning in advance to reduce the risks and effects caused by the shortage of water resources.

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