我國身心障礙者休閒運動與阻礙 ─ 以臺北市肢障者使用運動中心為例

傅丞緯(Chen-Wei Fu)

指導教授 ： 李廣鈞

國立中央大學/客家學院/法律與政府研究所/碩士(2013年)

摘要

我國社會在高齡化趨勢下，身心障礙者人數不斷上升，其中肢體障礙者佔了三成五。根據內政部的調查，身心障礙者從事休閒活動以靜態為主，極少數人有參與動態的休閒活動。因此本研究是以身心障礙者從事休閒運動為主題，研究臺北市肢體障礙者從事休閒運動以及使用臺北市運動中心時的阻礙經驗。本研究以質性訪談為研究方法，訪談肢體障礙者、身障團體代表、民意代表、運動中心場地主管以及其他使用者等五種類型受訪者，試圖從不同角度建構出身障者，特別是肢體障礙者從事休閒運動的困難。
研究結果發現。一、肢障者對於休閒運動的需求以及從事休閒運動的改變是肯定。二、身障者使用運動中心的情形仍有進步空間，然而運動中心考量資源與營運獲益而有諸多限制。三、肢體障礙者從事休閒運動的阻礙包含個人阻礙、人際阻礙、結構性阻礙以及整體環境上資源的阻礙。四、肢障者對於未來休閒環境的期望，需仰賴政府、運動中心的改善以及社會大眾支持。五、身障團體有助於身障者從事休閒運動，然而其他人與身障者共同從事休閒運動時確實存有矛盾之處。
針對研究之結果提出結論。一、少數肢障者順利從事休閒運動並獲益。二、多數肢障者從事休閒運動仍遭受阻礙。三、政府對於促進身障者從事休閒運動徒具形式。最後建議未來身障團體、運動中心、政府及其他研究者與一般社會大眾，能夠正視多元社會中少數人的需求，讓少數不成為弱勢，也符合國際上對於身障者普同主義之未來發展的趨勢。

關鍵字

身心障礙者 ； 肢障者 ； 休閒運動 ； 休閒運動阻礙 ； 運動中心

並列摘要

The masses of Taiwan have focused on the field of recreational sports during the past few years. Owing to the influence of the ageing society, the growing number of the disabled people has reached to 35 percent of the whole population. According to the survey of Ministry of the Interior, the disabled people rarely take part in active recreational sports. The thesis thus focuses on disabled people’s obstacle experience in recreational sports. It further investigates physically disabled people’s actual experience when they exercise in sports centers in Taipei City. The research applies qualitative interviews as its methodology. In order to have a thorough view of the obstacle of the disabled people from different perspectives, the researcher investigates five groups of people such as physically disabled, disability organizations, representatives, sports center managers and other users.
The results of the thesis discover five aspects. First, for the physical disabled, they are positive about their needs and changes of recreational sports. Second, for the disabled, there is still room for improvement in the situation in the sports center. However, the improving room is limited owing to sports center’s financial concerns and limited resources. Third, the constraint of physical disabled engaged in recreational sports include intrapersonal, interpersonal, structural, and overall resourceful constraints. Fourth, concerning to future expectation within the field of recreational sports, the support from the government, sports centers, and the masses means a lot to the disabled. Fifth, although others might have doubts about the disabled taking part in recreational sports, the assistance of the disability organizations could help the disabled as one of the motives.
The thesis concludes in three parts:
First, a small number of physical disabled people successfully take part in recreational sports and benefit from it. Second, in general, most disabled people still confront obstacle when taking exercise in sports centers. Third, the government’s effect on this field is just a mere formality. In conclusion, the researcher suggests that in a multicultural society, disability organizations, sports centers, government, other researchers and the masses need to consider the needs of the minority. This concern also accords with the international trend about the universalism of the future of the disabled.

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