老年、障礙：研究概念取向與我國資料討論

Aging and Disability: Conceptual Approaches on Research and Discussion on Taiwanese Data

王國羽(Kuo-Yu Wang)

《身心障礙研究季刊》 2卷3期 (2004/07) Pp. 134-159

https://doi.org/10.30072/JDR.200407.0002

摘要

本文討論兩個主要研究『障礙』概念的取向，一個是以世界衛生組織為主，直接研究障礙經驗的『功能取向』，一個是以公共衛生預防角度出發的『疾病取向』。這兩個取向都指出，隨著人口老化，社會中障礙人口的數量將逐漸增加，因此『障礙經驗』並不侷限於國內目前所瞭解的終身障礙的群體，未來經歷障礙經驗的人口群將以老年人口為主。只是兩個群體的障礙歷程不同而已，囿於目前國內將老人與障礙福利體制，行政上分立且給於不同服務的趨勢，勢必無法應付未來障礙人口的需要。最後，作者使用九十二年身心障礙國民生活需求調查資料，說明這兩個模型基本上都無法在國內既有的身心障礙人口分類系統內，收集完整的障礙人口資訊。最後，針對目前的身心障礙人口分類方式，作者提出可能改善方向與修正的重點。

關鍵字

世界衛生組織 ； 功能取向 ； 老化 ； 疾病取向 ； 身心障礙

並列摘要

This paper focus on discussion two research approaches to the concept of disability. The first approach is led by WHO; under which disability itself is main focus for conceptualizing disabilities. The WHO approach to disability can be categorized as functional approach, under which to study how and at what aspect disability impact on human body function. The other approach is disease approach of which focus on prevention of disability. The disease model focuses on the impact of diseases, treatments and related medical resources to their effect on prevalence rate of disabilities. Despite the difference existed in these two models, both camp agree that along with the increasing of aging population, in the future, aging population with disabilities would be majority among disability population. The current welfare system in Taiwan has divided two systems under which to deliver service to people with disabilities and the elderly. This division would not function well, when Taiwan could face it ever increasing trend of population aging in next two to three decades. Finally, the author using data collected from 2003 Sample Household Survey of Disability Population on Taiwan to further analyze the problem in current disability system and proposed how to reform existing system in the future.

並列關鍵字

aging ； disability ； disease approach ； functional approach ； WHO

參考文獻

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