危險物品爆竹煙火安全管理之探討

長久以來，施放爆竹煙火已是各項節慶與宣傳活動不可或缺的傳統習俗；根據目前行政院內政部消防署合法登記之爆竹煙火工廠共計21家（包含100年停工1家），由於市場廣大、利潤豐厚且大部分技術層次不高，仍有部份的違規工廠存在，而違規爆竹煙火工廠由於缺乏完善的防護及安全管理措施，一旦發生爆炸事故往往對作業人員與附近民眾造成重大傷亡，甚至波及鄰近住家工廠，猶如具有潛在威脅之不定時炸彈。因此，本研究主要探討現存爆竹煙火工廠所面臨的問題，尋求解決對策；另根據83年至100年間政府機關列案有關爆竹煙火意外災害事故作分析與探討，了解潛藏的危害因子，並提出相關的防範對策與積極作為；其次對爆竹煙火安全管理的現行法令與相關制度作通盤的了解，並介紹國內外爆竹煙火分級分類與型式認可、個別認可等檢驗制度之情形，試圖了解我國爆竹煙火法令規範潛藏的問題。有鑑於爆竹煙火之意外災害仍時有所聞，在此相關產業難以禁止之情況下，希望能透過落實安全管理、研究災害案例、分析危害因子、探討法規制度等四個面向來加強爆竹煙火產業之安全防護，期望能達到降低意外事故的發生率與死傷人數。

關鍵字

個別認可；爆竹煙火；型式認可

並列摘要

Setting off firecrackers is indispensable tradition for the festivals and promotional activities for a long time. According to current statistics of Nation Fire Agency, Ministry of Interior, legally registered firecracker factories is for a total of 21 (Including a defunct factory). Because of broad market, the majority of lucrative and requiring low technical level, a few illegal firecracker factories still exist. Illegal firecrackers factories lack protection and security management measures, as soon as the accident occurs, explosion of firecrackers always cause serious injury or death and a great loss to exposed firecracker workers and nearby residents, even spread to nearby homes and factories. Like a bomb would blast anytime! Therefore, the thesis investigates the problem faced by the current firecracker factories and seeks solutions. In addition, based on analyses and investigations of firecracker explosion accidents of which the government authorities row cases between 1994 to 2011, the study discovers the potential problems and searches for countermeasures plus the study puts forward positive practices. Secondly, the thesis has an intimate acquaintance with the current law about fireworks security management and related systems, moreover introduces further information on domestic and international firecrackers and fireworks of grading, classification, type and individual approval inspection systems. Try to discover the potential problem of legal regulations of firecrackers and fireworks in our country. The unexpected disaster of firecrackers and fireworks still frequently occurs. It is still difficult to prohibit relevant firework industry. Strengthen the security of the firecrackers and fireworks industry by four dimensions which are the implement the safety management, studying the disaster case, analyses of hazardous causes, and discussion on regulatory system. Expect to be able to reduce the incidence of accidents and casualties.