作為冷戰後全球唯一的霸權國家,以及一個經濟快速崛起的新興強權,美中兩國基於各自國家利益,在東亞地區進行的戰略競爭與角力,儼然已成為影響21世紀東亞區域安全最重要的兩股力量。 本文以權力平衡理論為基礎,研究冷戰後美中在朝鮮半島、美日安保及東南亞的戰略互動與角力。研究發現,美國在東亞的權力平衡策略,是以外在結盟作為主要戰略途徑,透過強化傳統的雙邊軍事同盟關係,制衡中國的崛起。中國則以厚植本身綜合國力的內在途徑,逐步實現取代美國成為區域霸權的目標。 美國自歐巴馬政府宣示「重返亞洲」,美中在東亞的戰略角力掀起新頁。天安艦事件後,中國與周邊國家的一連串摩擦,使得美國在亞太的軍事同盟力量得以重新凝聚,海陸地緣競爭趨於激烈,區域內軍備競賽加劇。如果中國持續發展,美中在東亞的霸權爭奪將更為激烈,而美中為取得有利於己的權力平衡,在東亞操作合縱連橫的競爭與對抗,更牽動著東亞安全情勢的發展與穩定。
Being only one hegemonic county after the Cold War, another is a new might with rapidly rising economy. Both U.S. and China based on their own national benefits, the competition and race of war strategy in East Asia has become the most two important strength that effect safety of East Asia in 21st century. This article is based on the theory of balance of power to research strategic interaction and contest between U.S. and China in Korean Peninsula, security of US – Japan and Southeast Asia after Cold War The study found that strategy of powder balance in East Asia of U.S. is taking outside alliance to be the major strategic path. U.S strengthened traditional bilateral military to counterbalance the rising of China. On the other hand, China strongly builds up its national strength inside. It had set the goal to gradually take the U.S. place being regional hegemony. Since the Obama administration declared "Return to Asia," the U.S. strategy race in East Asia had set off a new era. After the incident of Ten-An warship, China and neighboring countries had series of friction. This made U.S. military alliance forces in the Asia-Pacific cohere again, competition on land and sea is getting radical, regional armaments race gets intensified. If China continually develop the fight of hegemony in East will become more sever. Moreover, U.S. and China would obtain more favorable balance of power. Their operation of alliance on competition and confrontation affects the development and stability of security situation in East Asia.