AI問句對團隊行為影響之研究

A Study of the Effect of AI Questions toward Team Behaviors

李建道(Chien-Tao Li)

指導教授 ： 連雅慧 ； 陳加屏

國立中正大學/管理學院/企業管理學系/博士(2012年)

摘要

讚賞式探詢 (Appreciative Inquiry; AI)始於 Cooperrider (1986)的研究，AI學者認為AI可以改善多數組織發展 (OD)工具在導入過程中接受者抗拒、負面情緒的現象。AI研究受限導入者與研究者角色的重疊，缺乏以企業內部應用者角度、導入活動外一般應用的活動場域與長期性行為面影響的研究，本文引用團體動力學中互動過程理論的行為面方法為分析工具 (SYMLOG)，進行田野研究與準實驗研究設計。
為確認導入企業團隊實務上長期應用AI在行為面的影響，本文田野研究以企業負責導入AI專案團隊(七名成員)為研究對象，歷經AI導入前、導入中與導入後階段的18個月，選擇該團隊相同開會時間與參與成員的四次企業會議為應用場域，觀察會議中團隊在行為面上的長期變化，研究結果顯示該團隊長期應用AI行為面的影響效果較慢，團隊成員會全面減少負面不友善行為與工作導向角色行為，增加情感導向角色的行為。團隊中地位、主動較高者較早與更容易表現情感導向的行為；正向友善態度增加較多在情感角色的行為，負向不友善態度減少；工作導向角色上明顯地降低被動的行為。會議中團隊成員所使用的問句次數與型態可作為觀察行為互動的參考指標。
為了確認影響團隊行為中AI因素中AI問句的效果，本文準實驗研究以修習相同課程、未有任何合作經驗的11個團隊(66名)大專學生為研究對象，採用相同兩週六小時進行以問句型態為處理(實驗組為AI問句有控制組)的電子會議為應用場域，控制導入AI的成員背景、任務目標與專家導入的因素，比較在電子會議中團隊在行為面上的差異。研究結果顯示導入前團隊的行為結構並未不同，AI問句導引小組減少被動順從與增加正向積極的行為，證實AI問句因素可以影響團隊行為。

關鍵字

讚賞式探詢 ； AI問句 ； 團隊行為 ； 田野研究 ； 準實驗 ； 團體動力學

並列摘要

Appreciative Inquiry (AI), published on Cooperrider’s(1986) study. Researchers have suggested that AI is a more useful skill for improving people’s resistance and negative emotion among OD interventions. Because the role of facilitator and researcher overlap, the studies lacked for longitudinal observation methods and practical application. And we used the SYMLOG skill, the interaction process of analyzing behaviors which based on the theory of group dynamics, analyzing the behaviors among team members to fill the research’s gap in AI before.
In order to confirm the logitudinal effects of AI skill for the groups’ behaviors, we conducted two studies; one was the field and the other was the quasi-experiment for this research. In the field study, the research sample was drawn from the 7 members of AI project in the company. Data were collected from them for 18 months crossing the AI interventional stages of before, within and after. Results show that members’ behaviors were change gradually, negative behaviors and task-orient role were decreased, and affectiveness-orient role was increased. Additionally, the frequencies of questions and styles can be the predictors of interactional behaviors of team members.
In the quasi-experiment study, for verify the effect of inquiry questions of AI intervention we collected data from 66 college students in the course. In the experimental groups, AI skill was applied to deal with their tasks and the control groups were not. The results show that the member’s behaviors of experimental groups were influenced by AI skill, the behaviors of submissive / lower status and the behaviors of positive / friendly attractions are better than the control groups.

並列關鍵字

Appreciative Inquiry ； AI questions ； Team Behaviors ； Field Study ； Quasi-Experiment ； Group Dynamics

參考文獻

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