國小高年級學童班級氣氛、學業成就與偏差行為之研究—以嘉義縣為例

The Study of the Relationships among Classroom Climate,Academic Performance and Deviant Behaviors of the 5th ＆ 6th-grade students — Chiayi County as an Example

陳智文(Gi-Wen Chen)

指導教授 ： 鄭瑞隆

國立中正大學/教育學院/犯罪防治學系/碩士(2012年)

摘要

本研究旨在探討國小高年級學童班級氣氛、學業成就與偏差行為之關係，以嘉義縣公立國民小學高年級學童為研究對象，採分層叢集抽樣的方式，共計發出問卷630份，有效問卷582份，問卷可用率約為96.36％。 本研究採用問卷調查的方法，以自編之「班級氣氛量表」與「偏差行為量表」為研究工具，所得資料以平均數、標準差、t考驗、皮爾遜積差相關以及逐步多元迴歸分析等統計方法考驗研究假設。 本研究結論如下： 一、國小高年級學童知覺班級氣氛大致良好，其中以「自由表達」層面得分最 高，「和諧」層面的得分最低。 二、國小高年級學童偏差行為出現率偏低，其中以「違規型偏差行為」出現率稍高。 三、不同性別、年級之國小高年級學童在班級氣氛方面上，均無顯著差異存在。 四、不同性別之國小高年級學童在學業成就方面上，具有顯著差異存在，女童高於男童；不同年級之國小高年級學童在學業成就方面上，無顯著差異存在。 五、不同性別之國小高年級學童在偏差行為方面上，具有顯著差異存在，男童高於女童；不同年級之國小高年級學童在偏差行為方面上，無顯著差異存在。 六、國小高年級學童的班級氣氛與學業成就無顯著相關。 七、國小高年級學童的班級氣氛與偏差行為呈顯著負相關。 八、國小高年級學童的學業成就與偏差行為呈顯著負相關。 九、國小高年級學童的班級氣氛對學業成就與偏差行為均具有效預測力，其中以 「自由表達」層面最具預測能力。 根據上述結果，本研究提出具體建議供教育行政機關、學校師長與未來研究者參考。

關鍵字

班級氣氛 ； 學業成就 ； 偏差行為

並列摘要

The purpose of the study was to investigate relationships among students’
classroom climate, academic performance and deviant behaviors. The subjects of this study were fifth and sixth graders from the public elementary school in Chiayi County. With the use of stratified cluster sampling, questionnaires were handed out to 630 students, of which 582 were valid, with a ratio of 96.36％.
This study employs the questionnaires with the use of the self-compiled classroom climate scale and deviant behavior scale. Statistical methods, such as mean value, standard deviation, Pearson product-moment correlation, and multiple regression analysis, were used to analyze the collected data.
The conclusions of this study were as follows:
1. students in the elementary school perceived that the overall classroom climate was good, and the parts of “free expressions＂and “harmony＂got the highest and lowest scores.
2. The percentage of deviant behavior from the students is low. However, the part of“illegal behaviors＂is higher than other parts.
3. There is no significant difference of students’ classroom climate between different sex and grades. Among them, the most frequently behaviors are“illegal behaviors＂.
4. There is a significant difference of academic performance among students, the academic performance of girls is significantly higher than that of boys. However, there is no significant difference of academic performance between different grades.
5. There is significant difference of deviant behaviors among students, the deviant behavior of girls is significantly higher than that of boys. However, there is no significant difference of students’ academic performanc between different grades
6. There is no significant correlation between classroom climate and academic performance.
7. There is a negative significant correlation between classroom climate and deviant behaviors.
8. There is a negative significant correlation between academic performance and deviant behaviors.
9. The factors of classroom climate could be effectively predicted upon academic performance and deviant behaviors. “free expressions” is the most powerful factor to explain the academic performance and deviant behaviors.

Finally,according to the findings of this study, the research provides suggestions for educational organization, elementary teachers and futher studies.

並列關鍵字

classroom climate ； academic performance ； deviant behaviors

參考文獻

王素香（1995）。一位國小自然科教師班級氣氛形成因素之個案研究

。國立高雄師範大學科學教育研究所碩士論文，未出版，高雄市。

李清榮（2005）。高雄市國小教師領導類型、班級氣氛與學習態度之研究。國立高雄師範大學成人教育研究所在職專班碩士論文，未出版，高雄市。

吳武典（1979）。國小班級氣氛的因素分析與追蹤研究。師大教育心理學報，12，133-156。

吳芝儀（2003）。累犯暴力犯罪者犯罪生捱及自我觀之發展與演變。犯罪學期刊，6（2），127-176。