變換生產線之最佳生產規劃研究-以某塑膠加工廠為例

企業面對激烈競爭與快速變遷的環境，經常尋求各種困境解套之道，謀求自我體質的提升，透過公司內部生產管理的檢討，進行有效的改善對策及改良方式，如生產排程的檢討改善、生產自動化、省力化、機械化、省人化和電腦化等等，以發揮經濟規模，提高生產效率、產品利潤，降低成本，提升公司競爭力。一般公司常見的做法就是以數學規劃進行產品規劃的檢討改善，找出影響生產計劃、排程的主要決策變數及相關參數，運用電腦軟體找出符合公司目前經營環境及條件資源之最佳生產規劃，得到公司和顧客都滿意的產品組合及數量，並對於減少生產浪費及降低成本有立竿見影的成效。本研究係以台灣片狀模造（Sheet Molding Compound，簡稱SMC）塑膠加工廠商為研究對象。透過作業研究方法中之數學規劃找出個案問題之最佳解。將問題以模型方式表示，以追求「成本最小化」及「利潤最大化」的生產計劃及產品組合為目標，先設定問題之決策變數及限制式，並將相關參數數值代入模型，以LINGO數學規劃軟體進行求解。本研究之目的如下： 1.個案公司為提升產品競爭力及滿足客戶需求，持續積極開發多樣化產品，另外接單模式採客戶導向，所以工廠為訂單式生產模式，且須經常變換生產線，在現有生產資源下，求所有製造成本、存貨成本、換線成本最小化之最佳多重期生產規劃。 2.在許多生產流程限制條件下，除滿足訂單需求生產，利用製造流程的安排及產品生產組合，使用數學規劃工具，求解考慮換線之最大生產利潤數學規劃模型。

關鍵字

變換生產線；產品規劃；數學規劃

並列摘要

The face of fierce competition and rapidly changing environment, always looking for a variety of the plight of some sort of relief road,to seek the enhancement of self-constitution,through the review of the company's internal production management,effective improvement measures and improved,such as production scheduling review to improveproduction automation,labor saving, mechanization,province personified,and computerization,etc.,to the economies of scale and improve production efficiency,product profitability, reduce costs,improve competitiveness of companies.General common approach is to review and improvement of product planning,to identify mathematical programming production planning,scheduling the main decision variables and parameters, the use of computer software to identify the company's current operating environment and conditions of the resources in the best production planning, the company and customers are satisfied with the product mix and quantity of immediate results, and reduce production waste and reduce costs. This research is aimed at Taiwan SMC（Sheet Molding Compound）plastic plant.Through the Operations Research,mathematical programming methods to find the optimal solution of case problems. The problem in order to model the way in pursuit of cost minimization and profit maximization production planning and product portfolio objective.First set of decision variables of the problem and constraints,and parameter values into the model,LINGO mathematical programming software to solve. The purpose of this research is shown below. 1.The case to enhance the competitiveness of their products and meet customer demand,continued to actively develop diversified products, and other orders mode to adopt customer-oriented,factory orders for production mode,and must be constantly changing production lines in existing productionresources, requires that all manufacturing costs,inventory costs,changeover costs are minimized,the best multi-period production planning. 2.Restrictions in many production processes, in addition to the orders, production, arrangement of manufacturing processes and products portfolio, the use of mathematical programming tools to solve the maximum production profit mathematical programming model for production line changeover.

並列關鍵字

product planning ； mathematical programing ； changeover

參考文獻

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