分類監禁毒品犯的認知偏差對改悔態度影響之研究

Research on the Influence of Cognitive Biases of Drug Offenders Classified Imprisoned on Repentant Attitudes

陳勇傅(Yung-Fu Chen)

指導教授 ： 楊士隆

國立中正大學/教育學院/犯罪防治學系/碩士(2013年)

摘要

毒品犯罪收容人累再犯比率居高不下，本研究從監獄管理制度分類監禁方面加以探究。現行監獄制度將犯罪收容人分類監禁以集中管理。以毒品犯罪收容人而言，造成他們身邊圍繞著眾多同樣因毒品犯罪而入獄之收容人，然而他們是否會對此情狀逐漸習以為常，再加上惡習之感染，進而影響其認知與改悔態度之可能，有待進一步驗證。本文採用量化研究方式探討分類監禁之毒品犯罪收容人，其認知偏差及改悔態度之關係，冀望以不同角度解釋毒品犯罪收容人再犯之問題。本研究共發出400份問卷，回收330份有效樣本，回收率達82.5%，並進行探索式因素分析、差異考驗、相關及迴歸分析。
研究結果發現，分類監禁之毒品犯罪收容人其認知偏差因子與改悔態度因子間擁有相關，且分類監禁之毒品犯罪收容人認知偏差因子會對其改悔態度因子產生影響，分類監禁之毒品犯罪收容人其習以為常之心態、毒品犯罪合理化及毒品之認知謬誤越嚴重者，其出獄後越有可能受情緒誘發而再犯，意即其改悔態度越低；另一方面，其習以為常之心態越嚴重，以及其對毒品犯之認同越高者，其出獄後越有可能受情境誘發而再犯，代表著其改悔態度也就越低。而在差異考驗方面，其教育程度、工作狀況、婚姻狀態、身邊有使用毒品人數及施用毒品時間在認知偏差與改悔態度方面皆有所影響。本研究依研究結果提出監獄管理制度上之建議。

關鍵字

毒品犯 ； 改悔態度 ； 認知偏差 ； 分類監禁

並列摘要

The study concentrates on the classification incarceration of the prison management system because of the high rate of drug offences inmates' recidivism. Current prison system will classify inmates imprisoned for the centralized management. This leads in drug offenders’ concentrated imprisonment. In other words, they have more opportunities to contact with people equally imprisoned for drug offenses. This requires further verification whether the reasons that they are accustomed to this situation or coupled with the impact of bad habits might affect their perception and repentant attitudes. Quantitative research methods are used in the study to discuss the relationship between cognitive biases and repentant attitudes towards the classified incarceration of the drug offenders. Hoping for different concepts to explain the of recidivism problem among drug offenders. The study is based on exploratory factor analysis, the difference test, correlation and regression analysis. A total of 400 questionnaires were distributed to drug offenders. Among these, 330 were valid samples, a valid return rate of 82.5%.
The results showed that the cognitive bias factors and repentant attitude factors of the drug prisoners classified imprisoned are related. Cognitive bias factors have impact on repentant attitude factors. In other words, the more serious of the accustomed mentality of rationalization of drug-related crimes and drug rationalization of cognitive fallacies, the greater chance of recidivism evoked by emotions after releasing from prison. It also means the lower degree of their repentant attitude. On the other hand, the higher degree of the accustomed mentality of rationalization of drug-related crimes and identity of the drug offenders, the greater chance of recidivism evoked by emotions after releasing from prison. It also means the lower degree of their repentant attitude. The difference test shows the level of education, work status, marital status, the number of drug abuse friends and time of exposure to drug affect the cognitive biases and repentant attitudes. Furthermore, hope to suggest for prison management system according to the results of the study.

參考文獻

江振亨、林瑞欽(2000)。認知行為團體療法對濫用藥物者輔導成效之研究。犯罪學期刊，5，277-310。

江振亨、林瑞欽、陳憲章(2011)。2002年與2007年男性吸毒暴力犯者與非暴力犯者用藥涉入強度與用藥認知之比較研究。玄奘社會科學學報，9，P.115-116。

李佳琪、朱日僑、陳黛娜、賴璟賢、李志恒(2005)。高中職學生對藥物濫用認知調查-以參與反毒大使活動之學校為對象。台灣公共衛生雜誌，24(3)，224-229。

李思賢、林國甯、楊浩然、傅麗安、劉筱雯、李商琪(2009)。青少年毒品戒治者對藥物濫用之認知、態度、行為與因應方式研究。青少年犯罪防治研究期刊，1(1)，1-28 頁。

李碧霞(1999)。青少年藥物濫用問題與學校藥物教育之探討。學校衛生，34，49-68。