高效率多模組太陽能最大功率追蹤器

High Efficiency Multiple Maximum Power Point Trackers for PV Panels

廖尉良(Wei-Liang Liao)

指導教授 ： 張淵智 ； 吳財福

國立中正大學/工學院/電機工程學系/碩士(2013年)

摘要

本論文旨在實現應用於直流微電網與快速充/放電系統上之高效率多模組太陽能最大功率追蹤器，為了能夠在範圍較廣的太陽能光電板輸出電壓下應用，其電路拓樸架構為結合降壓型與昇壓型轉換器。若輸入電壓在高電壓與低電壓之間來回跳動時，則利用輸入電壓與直流鏈電壓之差值進行電路模式的切換，並採用擾動觀察法來追蹤太陽能光電板之最大輸出功率，提高太陽能光電板發電效率。本研究之多模組最大功率追蹤器可個別獨立或並聯運作，在並聯模式下多模組採取均流控制使得模組間轉換功率接近，此多模組並設計在線移除或加入等功能以提升其在直流微電網與充/放電系統中之可使用性。最後經由實測驗證最高效率可達98 %，追蹤準確度可高達99 %以上。

關鍵字

昇壓 ； 降壓 ； 最大功率追蹤器 ； 直流微電網

並列摘要

This thesis presents development of high efficiency multiple maximum power point trackers (MPPTs) for PV panels in DC micro-grid and charge/discharge system. To deal with wide output voltage range of the PV panels, the proposed MPPT topology consists of buck and boost converters. When input voltage changes between high voltage and low voltage, the mechanism of changing reference input voltage is adopted to switch the operation mode. For increasing the efficiency of PV panels, a perturbation and observation algorithm is employed to track the maximum output power of the panels. Moreover, the multiple maximum power point trackers can be operated in independent mode or in parallel mode. In the parallel mode, a current balancing control is adopted for the multiple MPPT modules. In addition, the multiple MPPT modules are designed with a hot-swap feature to increase the application feasibility of the multiple MPPT modules in the DC micro-grid or charge/discharge systems. Finally experimental results have shown that the conversion efficiency can reach 98 % and the maximum power tracking accuracy can reach 99 %.

並列關鍵字

Boost ； Buck ； MPPT ； DC distribution system

參考文獻

[4] DC Quick Charger For Electric Vehicles, May 2012.

[5] J. M. Carrasco, L. G. Franquelo, J. T. Bialasiewicz, E. Galvan, R. C. P. Guisado, Ma. A. M. Prats, J. I. Leon, and N. Moreno-Alfonso, “Power-electronic systems for the grid integration of renewable energy sources: a survey,” IEEE Trans. on Ind. Electron., vol. 53, no. 4, pp. 1002-1016, Aug. 2006.

[6] L. N. Khanh, J.-J. Seo, T.-S. Kim, and D.-J. Won, “Power-management strategies for a grid-connected PV-FC hybrid system,” IEEE Trans. on Power Deliv., vol. 25, no. 3, pp. 1874-1882, Jul. 2010.

[7] J.-M. Kwon, K.-H. Nam, and B.-H. Kwon, “Photovoltaic power conditioning system with line connection,” IEEE Trans. on Ind. Electron., vol. 53, no. 4, pp. 1048-1054, Aug. 2006.

[8] J. Selvaraj and N. A. Rahim, “Multilevel inverter for grid-connected PV system employing digital PI controller,” IEEE Trans. on Ind. Electron., vol. 56, no. 1, pp. 149-158, Jan. 2009.