入住長期照顧中心之公費安置老人生活適應經驗之研究

曾清文(Ching-Wen Tseng)

指導教授 ： 王維旎

國立中正大學/教育學院/成人及繼續教育系高齡者教育研究所/碩士(2013年)

摘要

中文摘要
在高齡化、少子化及家庭結構轉變等因素衝擊下，老人照護問題已成為我國政府重要的課題。加上貧窮線下的人口逐年增加，經由社會福利政策轉介以公費安養服務之老人數量亦隨之遞增；這些公費安置老人多半是被迫入住長期照顧中心，其在機構當中的生活適應歷程如何？與部分公費安置老人相較有無不同？機構在處遇公費安置老人時有哪些特別需要注意的事項？都是值得深入探討的課題。
為了瞭解上述問題，本研究以立意取樣方式選取7位公費安置老人及3位長期照護中心工作人員作為研究對象，透過訪談法蒐集資料。訪談結束將內容謄錄成逐字稿，採用主題分析法進行資料分析。依照資料分析結果，研究者歸納出以下五點研究結論：
壹、 「睡眠品質」與「飲食習慣」是影響公費安置老人在長期照顧機構生活適應的主要因素
貳、 公費安置的老人入住機構後的生活適應情形大致分為三個期程：適應不良磨合期、彼此接受統整期、認同機構回饋期
參、 長期照顧機構協助公費安置老人適應的常見的處遇方式：以回憶式關懷、聊天、參與宗教活動、舉辦聯誼活動為主要策略，循序漸進方式、彈性自主措施、建立團體生活規則為原則
肆、 機構照顧公費安置老人碰到主要的困難有:不願配合機構的照護措施、無法滿足老人額外的需求、不適應團體生活規範
伍、 初期公費安置老人較難適應機構生活，但於後期則比較適應機構生活，且比部分公費安置老人對機構更有認同感
陸、 公費安置老人與部分公費安置老人的差異包含家屬干擾、親情支持、機構認同、入住決策、入住心態、資源豐富性、團體生活適應
本研究依據結論，對長期照顧機構、政府及未來的研究者的做出以下幾點建議：
壹、給長期照顧機構的建議
（一）機構應以漸進方式協助公費安置老人適應機構生活
（二）設法向民間及社福機構募集公費安置老人所需資源
（三）強化工作人員同理心
貳、給政府相關單位的建議
（一）應盡可能讓公費安置老人參與入住決策
（二）長期照顧保險相關政策應盡快啟動
参、給未來研究者的建議
（一）採跨時性的研究
（二）選取多元的研究對象

關鍵字

長期照顧中心 ； 公費安置老人 ； 生活適應

並列摘要

Abstract
The elderly care has become an important issue to our government because of the population of aging, low birth rate and the change of family structure.Plus the population who below the poverty line increased year by year, the number of elderly who through the social welfare policy at public expense hospice referral services become more and more; most of them are forced to stay at the long-term care centers. How about the different between this elderly life in long-term care center and some of the elderly who are half public funds? What are the matters the institutions have to pay attention when they have to place these elders with the publicly funded. All these Issues are worthy to discuss.
In order to understand these problems, this judgment sampling study selected seven resettlement elderly of policy funded and three staffs who work in long-term care center as the research object, through interviews to collect data. End of the interviews will be transcribed into the content transcription, using thematic analysis method for data analysis. According to data analysis results, the researcher summarized in the following five conclusions:
1. "Sleeping Quality" and "diet" are the main factors for the public funds elderly adjust the life in long-term care institutions
2. After the Publicly funded elders stay in the institutions, their life will divided into three phase process: maladaptive adjust period, mutually acceptable integration period, the identity to the institution and feedback period.
3. The common ways that the long-term institutions assist the publicly funded elders to adjust the life: to recall type care, chat, participation in religious activities, organization of recreational activities as the main strategies, in sequence way, flexible decision-making power and to establish the principle of community life.
4. The main difficulties Institutional care will have when they place the elderly: unwilling to cooperate with institutions of care measures, unable to satisfy the elder when they have the extra demand, not suited to community life specification
5. At the initial stage the publicly funded elder will be harder to adapt the life in institution but at the later stage they will be more comfortable with the life in here also have more assurance than the half publicly funded elders to institution.
6. The difference between Publicly funds elders and half publicly funded elders including the families of the elderlyinterference, familysupport, institutionalidentity, to staydecision, to check-inmentality, rich resource , group life adaptation
For long-term care institutions, the governments and the further researchers of the future to make the following recommendations:
1. To recommend long-term care institutions
(1) Institutions should assist public funds elder in a progressive way to adapt the life in institutions
(2) Tried to raise the resources from the private and publicly funded social for publicly funded elder
(3) To strengthen the staffs’ empathy to the elder
2. The proposal to government agencies
(1) Shall let the publicly funded elder be involve to make the decision to stay in the institution or not.
(2) long-term care insurance-related policies should be work on it as soon as possible.
3. The advised for future researchers
(1) Could take across time studies to get more deep and abundant results
(2) Select the multi-study

並列關鍵字

long-term care centers ； public funds elder ； life adaptation

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