- 學位論文
中高齡者空間認知能力之研究
A Research of the Elders’ Ability of Spatial Cognition
摘要
本研究旨在探討中高齡者空間認知能力之研究，藉由認知圖評量與統計分析，了解其中高齡者空間認知能力情形並提出相關的研究發現與結論建議，以做為改善中高齡者空間認知能力程度之參考依據。為達上述研究目的，本研究採以「認知圖」及修改自歐陽鍾玲（1982）認知圖評量方式作為研究工具，針對居住在嘉義市且45歲以上之中高齡者為研究對象，研究施測地點為起點（嘉義市中央噴水圓環）與終點（嘉邑城隍廟）附近的社區居民及社區大學，如：城隍廟、城隍廟夜間教學研習班、嘉義市東區東門社區發展協會、博愛社區大學。共發出106份認知圖繪製問卷，回收105份有效問卷，有效回收率為99%，所得資料以SPSS 18.0統計軟體進行統計分析，本研究之研究結果如下： 一、中高齡者在記憶空間要素上，主要以街道名稱為重點記憶。 二、中高齡者的空間認知能力的程度會因擁有行動能力項目的數量多寡 而有所差異。 三、中高齡者的空間認知能力受到教育程度的影響最為顯著。 最後，根據本研究目的與研究結果，提出相關建議，以作為改善中高齡者空間認知能力及未來研究之參考。
並列摘要
This study aims to investigate the elders’ ability of spatial cognition. By the cognitive map assessment and the statistical analysis, this research focuses on understanding the condition of the elders’ spatial cognitive ability so as to make relevant findings and recommendations as a reference for improving the levels of the ability of elders’ spatial cognition. To achieve the above purposes, this study uses a “cognitive map” and Cognitive Map Evaluation methods modified from Ouyang Zhong Ling (1982) as research tools. The research measuring facilities ranges within the start point, Central water fountain of Chiayi City, and the end point, Chiayi City God Temple. The respondents are the residents of the nearby communities and the learners in the community colleges. The facilities of these areas include the temple, the evening learning workshops of the temple, the Community Development Association of the Eastern Gate at Chiayi, Bo-ai Community college. 105 valid questionnaires are retrieved from a total of 106 cognitive mapping questionnaires, the effective rate 99%. The resulting data are analyzed with SPSS 18.0 statistical software, and the results of this study are as follows: First, the element of the spatial memory of the elderly is mainly focused on the street names. Second, the ability of the elders’ spatial cognition varies according to the item amount of their activity ability. Third, the elders’ education attainment has made a most significant impact on their ability of spatial cognition. In the final, with the research purpose and findings, the study provides a referable recommendation for improving the elders’ spatial cognition and for the future research.