集合住宅共用空間內住宅竊盜犯罪保護因子 認知之研究－以高雄市警察人員為例

陳珮欣(Pei Hsin Chen)

指導教授 ： 楊士隆

國立中正大學/教育學院/犯罪防治學系/碩士(2014年)

摘要

民眾對治安的感受與評價，乃在於自身生命、財產權益受到侵害與否，又住宅竊盜犯罪亦是民眾最關心的話題。又住宅竊盜犯罪之發生，除有犯罪者之存在外，住宅內建築環境設計不佳或防竊硬體不足也是受害因素之一。住居共用空間的保護因子認知之實證研究多以居民以及管理者為研究對象，然而警察人員乃為社會監控層次中重要之組成要素，因而希望能藉由警察人員於住宅竊盜犯罪之實務經驗，了解其共用空間的竊盜保護因子認知。
本研究以由環境設計來預防犯罪（CPTED）之概念，針對集合住宅共用空間各領域中，探討警察人員對其保護因子之認知，並依據研究結果提出對住宅竊盜犯罪防治之建議。
本研究以高雄市警察人員為研究母群，並以高雄市政府警察局鼓山分局、苓雅、前鎮分局為樣本進行施測，發出300份問卷，共回收296份有效問卷，再採以描述性統計、差異考驗、變異數分析以及相關分析統計方法進行資料處理。研究結果發現警察人員多數認為在避難層出入口區域的防禦空間保護因子、其他非居住使用空間內的間接監控保護因子以及安全梯間區域內的行動管制保護因子較有防竊成效，顯示警察人員對於住宅竊盜犯罪有效的預防方式，傾向以物理設備預防方式。進一步的分析發現不同警察教育程度在領域感界線的建立保護因子認知呈現差異性，不同工作年資在防禦空間、環境能見度、間接監控、直接監控以及行動管制保護因子皆呈現顯著差異性，其中環境能見度、直接監控因子為集合住宅共用空間內住宅竊盜犯罪重要保護因子。研究結果發現，集合住宅共用空間各保護因子間，彼此皆有相關性。

關鍵字

保護因子 ； 環境預防犯罪 ； 住宅竊盜犯罪

並列摘要

The feeling and evaluation of public security for people are depended on the invasion of personal wealth and right and interests. In addition, the residential burglary is the most concerned topic. Except the existence of criminals, the poor environmental design and lack of theft-preventing equipment are also the victimization factors for residential burglary. The residents and site managers were taken into consideration in most of research in the recognition of the protective factor of the common space of collective housing. However, the police are the important factor of social surveillance.Through the police’s working experience in residential burglary, we want to understand their recognition of the protective factor of the common space of collective housing.
The notion of Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED) was adopted in this work. According to the result of the police’s recognition of protective factor for each area of common space of collective housing, we propose advice for the residential burglary.
In this study, Kaohsiung police were the research population. The Lingya Precinct, the Cianjhen Precinct, and the Gushan Precinct of Kaohsiung City Police Department were participated in the sampling. 300 paper questionnaires were delivered with a total of 296 effective questionnaires. All the data analysis was based on descriptive statistics, testing differences between means, analysis of variance, and correlation analysis.The result found that most of police thought the protective factors of the shelter entrance of defensible space, the formal surveillance of non-residential space, and the move controls of emergency staircase were more effective in theft-prevent. This result demonstrates that the police prefer to use physical equipment to avoid residential burglary. The advanced analysis found that the educational level will affect the recognition of territoriality established. In addition, the seniority shows a significant difference in the protective factors of defensible space, visibility, formal surveillance, natural surveillance, and move control. Moreover, the visibility and natural surveillance are the most important factors for residential burglary. The result shows that all the protective factors of the common space of collective housing are correlative.

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