悲憫心與身心健康：以慈濟高齡環保志工團體為例

Compassion and Physical and Mental Health：The Case of Tzu-Chi Environmental Protection Older Volunteers

許秋田(Chiu-Tien Hsu)

指導教授 ： 翁嘉英

國立中正大學/社會科學院/心理學系/博士(2014年)

摘要

目的：本研究目的在瞭解慈濟高齡環保志工是否可透過悲憫心的提升而影響其身心健康的狀態。
方法：本研究包含三個子研究，研究一探討中文版「對己悲憫量表」及「對他人悲憫量表」的信效度、因素結構及對心理適應指標的預測力；研究二瞭解對他人悲憫是否透過對己悲憫而影響個體心理適應狀況；研究三比較「環保介入方法」及「健康促進方法」對長者之悲憫心及其心理適應狀況的影響。
結果：研究一發現，中文版「對己悲憫量表」及「對他人悲憫量表」具有良好信效度，且對心理適應指標有良好的預測力；研究二發現參與服務學習課程(對他人悲憫之介入)的大學生在短期三個月幫助他人的體驗活動後，相較於接受正念減壓體驗課程(對己悲憫之介入)或學習諮商輔導技巧與情緒管理技巧(控制組)的大學生，呈現出較高的對人悲憫的程度，但是對己悲憫程度及心理適應指標上卻無顯著改變；研究三發現從事環保志工活動(對他人悲憫之介入)，相較於控制組，能有效提升個體對他人悲憫程度，間接達到維持其對己善意及對己悲憫的程度。同時具有提升心理健康(憂鬱、敵意情感、壓抑敵意明顯地減少，幸福感明顯地增加)，以及生理健康(血壓下降)。
結論：環保介入活動有助於環保志工提升對他人及對自己的悲憫程度、改善個人憂鬱與敵意等負面情緒、增進個人幸福感、及降低血壓，但環保介入活動對身心健康有幫助之機轉可能不是透過對己悲憫的運作所造成。

關鍵字：對他人悲憫心、對己悲憫心、環保志工

關鍵字

對己悲憫心 ； 對他人悲憫心 ； 環保志工

並列摘要

Objective：The aim of this study was to explore whether increases in compassion would result in increased physical and mental health.
Method：This study consists of three sub-studies. Study 1 was conducted to establish the Chinese version of the Self-compassion Scale (SCS) and Compassion for others Scale (SC). Furthermore, to explore the relationships between SCS, SC and other psychological adjustment indices. Study 2 was conducted to examine whether increased compassion for others would make a contribution to physical and mental health over and above that attributed to self-compassion. Study 3 was conducted to compare an environment protection intervention with a health promotion program for compassion and psychological adjustment indices in elderly.
Results：Study 1 found SCS and SC have good internal consistency and test-retest reliability Furthermore, the relationships between SCS and SC and other psychological adjustment indices were significant as expected. Study 2 found that increased compassion for others would not make a contribution to self-compassion, physical and mental health. Study 2 found that compared with health promotion group, environment protection participants reported significantly increases in compassion for others, self-kindness, self-compassion, physical and mental health.
Conclusions：Environment protection intervention program can enhance levels of self-compassion, compassion for others, happiness, and decrease levels of depression, hostility, and blood pressure.
Keywords: compassion for others, self-compassion, environmental protection volunteer

並列關鍵字

environmental protection volunteer ； self-compassion ； compassion for others

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