微型生物定位雷達系統之接收機設計

Receiver Design of Positioning Radar System for Small-size Creatures Application

呂佩諭(Pei-Yu Lyu)

指導教授 ： 張盛富

國立中正大學/工學院/電機工程學系/碩士(2014年)

摘要

本論文運用和差雷達技術，設計微型生物定位雷達之48GHz 1×4天線陣列接收機。和差雷達技術是利用同時接收的同相與反相訊號比值建立檢測曲線，透過多線檢測法與峰值追蹤法取得目標物所在角度。本論文所設計之接收機以二次降頻架構將48 GHz訊號降頻至50 kHz，接收機包含射頻模組(RF Module)、差波束形成器(- Beamformer)以及中頻模組(IF Module)等三個部分。首先進行接收機鏈路規劃以及贅餘訊號分析，並據以訂定接收機各子電路之規格。射頻模組包含48 GHz濾波器、低雜訊放大器、次諧波混頻器、和24 GHz震盪器。和差波束形成器改變傳統架構，於天線與相移器間加入一功率合成器，提高檢測曲線之斜率，包含功率合成器、可調式相移器以及3-dB耦合器。中頻模組包含2 GHz濾波器、可變增益放大器、和基頻放大器。完成各個子電路之設計，並量測其特性，再整合子電路。量測結果為接收機整體最大增益約100 dB，增益可調範圍約30 dB。和差檢測曲線之檢測動態範圍為46 dB和定位範圍為60°。

關鍵字

微型生物定位 ； 和差雷達

並列摘要

A 48 GHz 1×4 antenna array receiver of sigma-delta radar for small-size creatures positioning was developed in this thesis. The sigma-delta detection curve is obtained from the ratio of received in-phase and out-of-phase signals. Then the subject angle is determined from the sigma-delta detection curve by the multiline detection and peak search method. The receiver double converts the 48 GHz signal to 50 kHz, which contains three modules: RF module, sigma-delta beamformer, and IF module. RF module is composed of 48 GHz bandpass filter, low-noise amplifier, sub-harmonic mixer, and 24 GHz LO signal. The sigma-delta beamformer consists of power combiners, continuous phase shifter, and 3-dB quadrature coupler. The 2GHz IF module contains bandpass filter, variable-gain amplifier, mixer and baseband amplifier. Finally, the 50 kHz baseband signal is fed into data-acquisition card for further angle information retrieval. The integrated receiver has maximum measured gain of 100 dB with gain control range of 30 dB. The detection curve has 46 dB dynamic range and 60°field of vision.

並列關鍵字

small-size creature position ； sigma-delta radar

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