應用土壤能源之濕度感測系統

Self-Sustaining Wireless Moisture Sensor using Solely Soil Energy

郭昱均(Yu-Chun Kuo)

指導教授 ： 蔡宗亨 ； 廖育德

國立中正大學/工學院/電機工程學系/碩士(2015年)

摘要

近年來在積體電路日新月異的進步下，效能的提升和體積縮小化是目前的趨勢。在整合積體電路的方法中，包含感測器和電子電路的應用功能逐漸多樣化。而氣候的急遽轉變以及自然災害，使環境感測在現今生活中扮演非常重要的角色。本論文致力於使用對環境無害的土壤能源來當作無線感測的能量來源。
無線感測的快速發展將可以廣泛的運用在偏遠及較落後區域的環境監測中。然而，在目前的無線感測網路系統下，能源的取得仍是一大問題。本論文第二章中提出環境可利用的再生能源的研究和自我能量擷取的方法。近年來許多研究致力於找尋新的微生物燃料電池。而透過土壤內細菌分解金屬化合物，釋放出電子，再利用電極去接受這些電子進而供給外部電路使用。除了低成本外，且不會造成環境危害。
在本論文提出環境感測電路的設計中，以電阻電容式震盪器作為感測電路，再經由電源管理電路和無線傳輸電路的操作來達到延長其壽命並可讓監控者藉由無線通訊的傳輸獲得資料的功能。此晶片採用TSMC 0.18 μm 製程，升壓電路的效率為64%，感測震盪器頻率為7kz，具有±16%的溫度準確性和±10.9%的電壓準確性，消耗功率為2.97 μW，晶片面積為1.99×2.08〖 mm〗^2。

關鍵字

濕度感測 ； 土壤能源

並列摘要

In recent years, with the rapid advances in the integrated circuit, electronics devices become powerful, robust, and miniaturized. In the method of the integrated circuit, it is gradually diversified on the applications with electronic circuits and sensors. In addition to the integration circuit technology, the energy source always restricts the development of wireless sensor applications. This thesis is dedicated to using soil energy as the energy source of wireless sensor.
The rapid development of wireless sensors will be able to use in environment monitoring of the remote and uncultured region extensively. However, it is still a problem for energy source to supply current wireless sensor system. The thesis proposes a renewable soil energy source to sustain the wireless environment sensor functions. The electronic circuits include a voltage-regulated RC oscillator and charge-pump based DC-DC converter.
This chip was fabricated using 0.18μm CMOS technology. The design achieves a 64% efficiency at DC to DC charge pump, RC oscillator has 7kHz frequency, ±16% temperature accuracy and ±10.9% voltage accuracy, and the chip occupies an area of 1.99×2.08〖 mm〗^2.

並列關鍵字

moisture sensor ； soil energy

參考文獻

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