組織生命週期、組織結構變革與策略變革對組織效能影響之研究-以某石油公司為例

The Study of the Relationship among Organization Life Cycle, Organization Structure Change, Strategic Change and Organizational Effectiveness: Case Study of A Petroleum Company

許仲毅(Chung-Yi Hsu)

指導教授 ： 林玟廷

國立中正大學/管理學院/企業管理學系/碩士(2015年)

摘要

任何企業的發展過程中，必然會產生不同的現象與問題，藉由組織生命週期理論可使企業了解當前與未來即將面臨的經營瓶頸與生存威脅，不論面臨的問題是由外在環境或內在組織所導致，企業為了持續成長與競爭及為了永續經營與發展，會依情況發展出不同的組織變革與策略變革來面對並解決問題。
本研究採用個案研究方法，探討個案公司在組織生命週期的各階段中，所經歷的問題與決策對組織之影響，作為企業學習及成長之經驗。首先回顧組織生命週期相關文獻並了解台灣石化產業現況與未來發展，以及個案公司組織生命週期型態，再整理個案公司於組織發展過程中所發生之經營問題，藉由設計訪談問題至個案公司訪談，探討企業組織生命週期、組織結構變革、策略變革與組織效能之關聯性。
研究結果除了使個案公司能了解其企業經營歷程與往後經營之參考外，導出重要而值得學習的經驗有(1)組織在不同的生命週期階段必須採用不同的組織結構變革，組織結構變革形態選擇必須先釐清所遭遇的經營困境或瓶頸之屬性為何。(2)組織結構變革必須與策略變革具有關聯性，企業可由現有組織結構衍生策略變革計畫，或先擬定策略變革後，進行組織結構變革。(3)組織結構變革對整體組織效能的提升有正向的影響，故企業在面臨經營困境或環境變遷時，應積極進行組織結構變革，以提升組織效能。(4)適切的策略變革會提升組織效能，故企業在面臨經營困境或環境變遷時，應提出對應的策略變革，以提升組織效能。

關鍵字

組織效能 ； 組織結構 ； 策略變革 ； 組織變革 ； 組織生命週期 ； 個案研究

並列摘要

There are various circumstances and problems may occur during the development process of all enterprises; however, by studying the theory of organization life cycle, we are able to comprehend the current as well as the future operating bottlenecks and threats that the enterprises may confront with. Regardless of the problems which are caused by either the external environment or internal organization, the enterprise shall develop various organization changes and strategic changes according to the actual circumstances in order to provide solutions to the problems so that the enterprise could have continuous growth as well as the sustainable operation.
This research is based on a case study exploring the impacts on the organization by confronting both the problems and decision-making process in every phase of the organization life cycle, meanwhile, the impacts and experiences could also be concerned as the measurement for the organizational growth. By drawing on the literatures as the theoretical lens, the traits of organization life cycle, the current and future development of Taiwanese petrochemical industry, and model of the organization life cycle for the case study company are obtained and supported. Following, the author listed the operating problems that occurred in the organizational development process and then designed the contents of in-depth interviews to the case study company. By completing the interview and analysis, the relevance of the enterprise organization life cycle, organization framework changes, and the organization effectiveness is illustrated.
Findings of the research can not only offer the case study company some measures for understanding its current operating circumstances and future strategy making references but also conclude important as well as learning-worthy experiences. Firstly, the organization shall implement different organization framework change for different organization life cycle and the type of organization framework change shall be selected before clarifying the attributes of the operating difficulties or bottlenecks. Secondly, the organization framework change shall be connected with strategic change. The enterprise shall develop the plans for strategic change from the current organization framework or to proceed with the organization framework change after the strategic change is decided. Thirdly, the organization framework change shall lead to positive impacts on the promotion of the overall organization effectiveness. As a result of that, in order to increase the organization effectiveness, the organization shall proceed with organization framework change actively as the organization confronts with the operating difficulties or environmental changes. Lastly, decent strategic change could promote the organization effectiveness and consequently the organization shall implement the strategic change according to the operating difficulties or environmental changes that the organization confronting with so that the organization effectiveness could be raised.

並列關鍵字

Organization framework ； Strategic change ； Organization change ； Organization life cycle ； Organization effectiveness ； Case study

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