美國在遭受911恐怖攻擊事件後,打破了美國人一向認為本土不受外力攻擊的迷信,更迫使美國國家安全政策面臨前所未有的重大挑戰。因此,美國為避免在次受到恐怖組織的威脅與襲擊,必需調整國家安全戰略方針,以適應國際局勢的變化。在「布希主義」的基礎上,堅持大國「單邊主義」的外交政策,保留「先制攻擊」的權力。2008年歐巴馬政府上任之後,在多項重要會議與國家安全戰略報告中,仍將反恐等全球安全議題列為優先執行項目。 中國在面對美國國家安全戰略調整,以因應國際新格局與國安需求時,運用改革開放後整體國力的崛起,躋身國際要角,使美國、俄羅斯等大國無法忽視其影響力。中國更掌握此「戰略機遇期」,以反恐為名,實際拓展國際影響力,包括東北亞、東南亞、中亞及中東等反恐議題的協調與合作,更多次在國際場合,提出與美國不同之反恐理念,藉此展現大國實力。 故本文著注911事件後美國反恐戰略下中國的反恐戰略之各項舉措,進而分析中、美反恐合作層面及實際參與國際與周邊反恐行動作為。
After U.S. was attacked by terrorist on 11 September 2001, U.S. national security policy was faced significant challenge. It’s also broken the faith that U.S. homeland will not be attacked. Therefore, U.S. must adjust the National Security Strategy to adapt the international situation change if they try to avoid the threat and attack from the terrorism. On the principle of "Bush doctrine", U.S. insists "unilateralism" foreign policy and maintains "pre-emptive strike" power. After the Obama administration took office in 2008, anti-terrorism will become U.S. priority issue of global security while they implement a number of important meetings and the National Security Strategy report. While China face U.S. change its National security strategy to adapt the new pattern of international situation and national security needs, China must use the rise of overall national strength to become international key player. Meanwhile, U.S. and Russia will not ignore any ideas which come from China. China will use the name of fighting terrorism to master this "period of strategic opportunities" and to expand of international influence. Those include coordination and cooperation in Northeast Asia, Southeast Asia, Central Asia and the Middle East anti-terrorism issues. In the international situation, China also has different ideas of anti-terrorism with U.S. because it can show the strength of a big country. Therefore, the study will focus on China’s Counter-Terrorism Strategy under U.S Counter-Terrorism Strategy; try to understand the level of anti-terrorism cooperation between China and U.S., and working with neighbor countries.