國內具創意及未來發展潛力但公司資本或營運規模小而缺乏資金之微型創新企業,證券櫃檯買賣中心於2014年初為該類型企業設立了一個嶄新的股權籌資平台--「創櫃板」。過去文獻之實證結果發現,隨著我國資本市場之多元發展,當公司遇有資金需求而於公開市場上募集資金時,管理當局之盈餘管理行為在初次公開發行或上市、上櫃前,有一定程度之關聯性。而本研究基於欲瞭解未來資本市場的生力軍「創櫃板公司」,其為順利申請登錄「創櫃板」,於登錄前是否涉及盈餘管理行為,故將透過董事會特性(董事會結構與股權結構)、財報資訊品質及推薦單位等重要變數,探討其與盈餘管理行為間之關係,以建立相關研究假說,並利用其已公開之實際財務與非財務資訊來進行分析與驗證。 透過本研究結果發現:首先,在董事會結構特性中,董事長兼任總經理及監察人占董監比例對盈餘管理行為皆未具顯著影響性,而法人董監事席次比例愈高者,其對盈餘管理行為具顯著負相關;其次,在股權結構特性中,全體董監事持股比例對盈餘管理行為並未具顯著影響性;再者,在財報資訊品質特性中,會計師是否出具標準式無保留意見,其對盈餘管理行為並未具顯著影響性;最後,若有推薦單位者,其盈餘管理行為則具顯著正相關;然意外的發現,若為社會企業者,其盈餘管理行為則具顯著正相關。
In Taiwan, TPEx established a brand new trading platform -- "Go Incubation Board for Startup and Acceleration Firms (GISA)" in 2014. The purpose of this new platform is helping non-public, small-sized, lack of funds, innovative companies with creative ideas to raise capital. In previous researches provide evidences that when a company needs to raise capital in public market, company's managers have earnings management behaviors before companies IPO. This study tries to detect whether companies manipulate their financial statement by discretional accruals before registering GISA. In addition, we also test that the board characteristics (board structure and equity structure), the quality of financial report information and recommended units will affect the earning management behavior or not. The result of this study is that first, both of president serves as general manager and supervisor ratio do not significantly affect earnings management; the higher ratio of corporate directors and supervisors are significantly negative correlation with earnings management. Second, directors and supervisors ownership do not provide significantly relationship with earnings management. Furthermore, unqualified opinion issued by CPA does not have significant relation with earnings management. Finally, recommended units significant have positive correlation with earnings management. However, this study found that social enterprises manipulate their financial statement by using earnings management before registering GISA.