健康社區評比機制對社區影響之研究:以台南市城鄉差異為例

A Study of the Inflences on Healthy Community Appraisal Mechanism - Focusing on the Differences Between Tainan Urban and Rural Areas.

蔡菁芬(CHING-FEN TSAI)

指導教授 ： 李佩珊

國立中正大學/社會科學院/政治學系政府與公共事務碩士在職專班/碩士(2016年)

摘要

健康社區評比機制對社區影響之研究:以台南市城鄉差異為例
Alma-Ata宣言及渥太華憲章（Ottawa charter）是促成了社區健康模式向前邁進為健康社區模式的主要推手。Hancock及Minkler提出理想的健康社區應至少包括11項條件，所以台南市參考內政部社區發展評鑑制度及配合健康城市理念和健康社區11項條件，發展出台南市健康社區評比機制，這是社區對於促進健康議題的一個正回饋方法。藉由評比過程增進社區居民對團體的凝聚力，達到全人健康的狀態並產生具有示範意義的健康社區。民國99年12月25日台南縣市合併升格為直轄市，城鄉差異問題仍然存在，社區類型也不同，本研究旨在透過文獻分析與深度訪談法等研究方法，以歸納出城鄉差異中不同的社區進行健康社區評比機制對於激勵社區的影響。
研究結果發現理事長個人對社區的認同程度愈高，奉獻度越高，社區組織 發展越健全就越有動能，社區民眾參與程度就愈高。目前政府政策尚能符合民眾需求，但城鄉差異造成各社區需求是有不同的情形。獲獎健康社區亦認為藉由評比機制，確實讓所居住的社區變得更優美，更符合居民的健康需求。另就本研究提出建議：政策推行應利用各種媒體，做好充份的宣傳。健康社區評比機制應考量到城鄉差異，依各區人口數、醫療資源及人口組成等條件，分組評比。政府部門應協助社區成立完整志工團隊和定期進行社區觀摩，達到推動種子教師的目的。為探討各社區民眾需求，利用社區民眾訪談進行完整社區資料收集分析，俾利有效給予民眾支援服務。進行社區資產導向的評估，透過確認、支持及動員社區現有的資源及能力，以創造及達到社區的共同願景。本研究期能做為之後執行健康社區評比機制時的修正及其他縣市制訂政策的參考。
關鍵詞：健康社區、評比機制、城鄉差異、社區評估

關鍵字

健康社區 ； 評比機制 ； 城鄉差異 ； 社區評估

並列摘要

A study of the inflences on healthy community appraisal mechanism - focusing on the differences between Tainan urban and rural areas.

Alma-Ata Declaration and Ottawa Charter is the major promoter to facilitate the community health model to move forward to a healthy community model. Hancock and Minkler raised that the healthy community should include at least 11 conditions. Hence Tainan City has developed evaluation system for healthy community based on the 11 conditions from Ministry of the Interior, which is a positive feedback to evoke this issue. The appraise process can promote community’s group cohesion to make people healthy and exemplary of the health community. On the 25th of December 2010, Tainan city and Tainan county were merged to municipality. However, urban and rural disparities are still existed .With various community types, this study aims through literature analysis, in-depth interviews and other research methods to summarize the differences between urban and rural areas in different communities.
According to studies, the more the chairman of the community dedicates, the more energy and public participation the community maintains. Current government policy can still meet the needs of the public, but the urban-rural differences caused each community needs in different situations. Another purpose of this study suggested that the implementation of the policy should be use by a variety media, and do sufficient publicity. Healthy community appraisal mechanism should consider the differences between urban and rural, according to the conditions of the district population, medical and other resources and demographic composition, and have group competitions. Government departments should assist the community volunteers set up a complete team and regularly observe the community, to reach the purpose of promoting seed teachers. In order to investigate the needs of people in communities, the use of community people’s interviews can complete data collection and analysis, to give the public effective support services. In community-oriented asset assessment, by identifying, supporting and mobilizing community resources available and the ability to create and achieve a common vision for the community.
This study provides reference for further amendments and other counties after the implementation of community health appraisal mechanism.

Keywords: healthy community, appraisal mechanism, urban-rural differences, community assessment

並列關鍵字

healthy community ； appraisal mechanism ； urban-rural differences ； community assessment

參考文獻

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