人類的無序感與資訊熵

Disorder in Human Mind and Information Entropy

劉啓翔(CHI-HSIANG LIU)

指導教授 ： 潘瑋

國立中正大學/理學院/物理學系/碩士(2016年)

摘要

人們很容易對環境感受到亂( disorder )或不亂，我們是否有一種普遍的測量方法，來量測人們心中所感受到的亂或不亂?
在熱物理中，熵( Entropy )是一種可以描述系統混亂程度的尺度，系統的熵越大，系統混亂程度就越大。本論文主要將物理上描述的「亂」跟人心中的「亂」連接起來，並探討兩者之間的關係，於是提出一個實驗，並且達到初步的效果。本實驗製作一系列黑白棋盤方格圖卡，並選擇任意兩張放在一起做比較。透過讓受測者選擇哪一張圖卡比較亂的方式，來量測人對主觀無序性( Subjective Disorder, SD )的認知。並運用資訊熵( Information Entropy, SI )來描述圖卡的實驗結果，發現大多數的圖卡都符合。不符合Information Entropy的部分，經過分析發現與負熵( Negentropy )機制有關。
由實驗發現當熵越大時，人們心中就越覺得亂；在不同條件狀況下，受試者對圖卡評分的標準就不一樣。暗指出這世界存在一個尺度可以探討人們心中對環境亂或不亂的認知，這對於探討認知神經科學扮演著重要的角色。

關鍵字

亂 ； 熵 ； 資訊熵 ； 負熵

並列摘要

People can easily sense the environment from ordered to disordered. Do we have a universal measurement on the state of order in human mind?
In thermal physics, there is a scale; entropy describes the disorder of a system. The thesis tries to connect the disorder in physics and people’s sense. Here we present an experiment and the preliminary results. We designed a series of black and white checkerboard pattern card, and select any two put together to compare. Through subjects to choose which one checkerboard relatively disordered, we can measure people’s subjective disorder. We can fit the result with information entropy successfully in most of the chessboards. The remains chessboards which cannot fit information entropy, we can find a relationship with Negentropy.
Note that the larger the Entropy, the more disorder that the subject’s sense, and in distinct conditions, subjects have different standard. These results doesn’t only imply that there have a universal measurement the order or disorder state in human mind, but plays a crucial role on the cognitive neuroscience.

並列關鍵字

disorder ； entropy ； information entropy ； negentropy

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