- 學位論文
職業災害保險放寬單獨加保對象限制與勞工提前請領退休給付之關係
The Study of Relations between Occupational Accident Insurance Extend Insured Persons and Labor Apply for Early Retirement
摘要
本研究探討勞動部以行政解釋放寬單獨參加職業災害保險對象後，是否影響勞工提前請領老年給付之意願，透過瞭解給付請領趨勢及影響勞工提前請領老年給付之因素，分析放寬單獨參加職業災害保險加保對象對提前請領給付意願之影響，並對於放寬加保對象可能造成之道德風險及制度設計提出改進建議，以提供後續修法或訂定行政流程之參考。 本研究採質化研究，經由文獻分析法及深度訪談法，綜合歸納分析三項結論，分別為：(一)近年老年給付請領案件數量逐年成長，年金給付案件之申請量已超越一次請領案件量；年金改革方案為勞工考量提前請領老年給付之重要影響因素，此外個人經濟、健康、體力技術及家庭等因素亦為影響退休規劃之原因。（二）審查人員表示放寬單獨參加職保險加保對象使部分勞工即使未退職仍提前請領退休給付，並於給付領取後繼續工作單獨參加職業災害險；工會幹部及企業人力資源部門人員則認為行政解釋對不影響申請給付意願，受訪勞工意見紛歧，影響程度各有差異。（三）現有審查流程難以完全防堵無退職事實之勞工巧取給付，需重新檢視法令規定未完善處，行政機關可於單獨參加職業災害保險之加保資料庫中建立抽樣查核機制，職業工人及雇主亦應納入抽樣查核對象，對於投機者須落實裁罰機制，以確保制度公平性並保障勞工保險財務安全。
並列摘要
This study try to figure out when the Ministry of Labor expand the insured person of occupational accident insurance, considering on the expense of insurance premium, may affect labors to apply for old-age benefits earlier. This study analysis the factors which impact retirement planning, evaluate the impact of administrative amended, and discover the potential moral hazard in the system operation. This study collected qualitative research through literature analysis and depth interviews, synthesizes three conclusions are :(a) Old-age benefits application cases grows year by year, the amount of old-age pension benefit beyond the case of one time old-age benefit. Pension reform is an important factors which effect labors retirement planning, in addition, personal financial situation, health, ability to work, family and other factors also affect the retirement planning. (b) Government officials of respondents said part of labors apply old-age benefits without retirement, after receive the payment，these labors return to work and only insured the occupational accident insurance. Trade union cadres think the administrative amended does not affect the application willingness. Labors of respondents have divergent opinions, the degree of influence are different. (c) The existing examine process is difficult to completely prevent labors skillfully taking payments, government need to re-examine the act which is not perfect, build a random checks mechanism may deter speculators, employer and the member of occupational union should also be included in the mechanism. Government should implement penalties for speculators to ensure the fairness and the financially secure.