- 學位論文
以工作特性理論與疆界理論整合模型探討工作家庭衝突
A Study of Job Characteristics Theory and Work/Family Boundary Theory Toward Work Family Conflict
摘要
摘要 近年來商業活動在國際化的經濟競爭下,不同的工作型態、內容興起。勞 動者工作可能會被生活瑣事影響,在下班後受到工作遺留的壓力或情緒波及家 庭生活,造成工作與家庭難以平衡進而產生衝突。其中,工作及家庭分界因工 作特性,或本身選擇而有所區隔,此疆界可能模糊或清楚,影響工作效率及生 活品質,在工作與家庭孰輕孰重的選擇上亦產生困難。 本研究目的在探討工作特性與工作家庭衝突的關係,另外,以疆界理論來 劃分工作家庭疆界知覺,是否會影響工作家庭衝突感受。基於工作特性理論, 聚焦工作核心五構面分別為技能多樣性、工作完整性、工作重要性、工作自主 性、工作回饋性。又基於疆界理論將工作與家庭的疆界,分為強、弱兩種。另 外依據工作家庭衝突理論,將衝突定義為雙向影響,並分為時間、壓力、角色 三構面,探討工作與家庭兩面相間的衝突感受。 本研究採用問卷調查法,測量研究對象在工作核心五構面的高低程度,同 時測量其工作家庭衝突感受是否與不同構面程度的高低有所關聯。另外,將工 作家庭疆界依據分數區分強弱,探討是否與其工作家庭衝突呈現負相關。最後, 找出工作核心構面與工作家庭疆界間是否有關聯性。總計發出 400 份問卷,共 計回收有效問卷 319 份,回收率 79.75%,個人層次有效問卷 261 份,回收率 86.33%,研究結果整理如下: 1. 工作重要性對工作衝突家庭有正相關。 2. 工作自主性對工作衝突家庭有負相關。 3. 技能多樣性對家庭衝突工作有正相關。 4. 工作重要性對家庭衝突工作有正相關。 5. 工作自主性對家庭衝突工作有負相關。 6. 疆界理論中的滲透性高低的程度對於技能多樣性對工作衝突家庭間的 關係有調節效果。 7. 疆界理論中的滲透性高低的程度對於工作回饋性對工作衝突家庭間的 關係有調節效果。
並列摘要
Abstract In recent years, commercial activities have been aroused by the international economic competition, and different work patterns and contents. Workers may be affected by their daily life trivia in work, while the stress and emotional fluctuation from work affect their family live, causing conflicts between their work and family live due to a difficultly to make balance of each other. Among them, the demarcation of work and family might be a blurred or clear boundary due to work characteristics or personal decision, affecting the efficiency at work and the quality of life. All of these matters are making the decision between work and life more difficult. This study is aimed to explore the relationship between job characteristics and work-family conflict, and to see if it will affect the work-family conflict experience by dividing work and family based on boundary theory. According to the theory of job characteristics, work focused five core facets are skill variety, work integrity, job importance, job autonomy, and job feedback. Based on boundary theory, we can divide the boundaries between work and family into strong and weak. Also, based on work-family conflict theory, conflict is defined as a two-way influence, which can divided into time, pressure, and role, and we can use it to explore the feelings of conflict between work and family. This study uses questionnaires to measure the level of five core facets of the subjects at work, while measuring if their feelings of work-family conflict are associated with different level of the five core facets. In addition, the work-family boundaries are distinguished between strong and weak by basis points, in order to explore whether the conflict is negatively correlated. The total of 400 questionnaires were sent out and collected. The actual valid questionnaires were 319 copies. The conclusions of empirical analysis are as follows: 1. Task Significance has significantly positive impact on work-to-family conflict. 2. Autonomy has significantly negative impact on work-to-family conflict. 3. Skill Variety has significantly positive impact on family-to-work conflict. 4. Task Significance has significantly positive impact on family-to-work conflict. 5. Autonomy has significantly negative impact on family-to-work conflict. 6. Permeability has partially effect between Skill Variety and work-to-family conflict. 7. Permeability has partially effect between Feedback and work-to-family conflict.