以摩擦攪拌製程添加表面披覆石墨烯之SiC/Ni顆粒製作鋁基複合材料

Fabrication of Graphene Coated SiC/Ni Particulate Reinforced Aluminum Matrix Composites by Friction Stir Processing

顏煥杰(HUAN-CHIEH YEN)

指導教授 ： 敖仲寧

國立中正大學/工學院/機械工程學系/碩士(2016年)

摘要

金屬基複合材料(Metal Matrix Composites, MMCs)，兼具金屬特性以及添加強化相材料的優點，能提升材料剛性、耐磨耗等優點，使其有更優異的機械性質，惟傳統製作鋁基複合材料顆粒聚集以及材料重新凝固產生偏析等問題，使得應用受到侷限。若以較新穎的技術:摩擦攪拌製程(Friction Stir Processing, FSP)在固相狀態下將金屬材料與強化顆粒攪拌結合，則可使強化相顆粒在鋁基地中有良好分散性。
本研究為改善金屬基複材中金屬與陶瓷介面的問題，也希望透過奈米級強化物質石墨烯能提升金屬基複合材料機械性質。本實驗先以無電鍍法控制鍍浴參數將SiC顆粒表面鍍著不同厚度的鎳膜，形成鍍鎳之SiC強化顆粒，再透過摩擦攪拌製程將鍍鎳SiC顆粒攪入鋁合金基地形成局部顆粒強化複材，驗證鎳膜作為SiC接著層，是否會影響顆粒與基地之接合性，後以LPCVD製程將鍍鎳SiC顆粒進行石墨烯生長，再將具有石墨烯之鍍鎳SiC強化顆粒攪入鋁合金中，使局部金屬基複合材料具有微米與奈米尺度的強化物質，藉由拉曼光譜分析此局部複材。
目前結果顯示多道次攪拌將鍍鎳SiC顆粒均勻散佈於基地內，且經由EDS與XRD分析證實攪拌區內具有Al3Ni介金屬化合物；硬度與拉伸試驗結果顯示添加鍍鎳SiC顆粒與SiC顆粒在機械性質沒有明顯損益趨勢，而從攪拌區橫向拉伸之破斷位置皆不在攪拌區內，也顯示此製程成功於攪拌區內形成金屬基複合材料。破斷面SEM觀察發現雙道次攪拌鍍鎳SiC顆粒有助於鋁基地鍵合。磨耗測試結果顯示:添加SiC與鍍鎳SiC顆粒能提升6061鋁合金基地耐磨耗性質。

關鍵字

摩擦攪拌製程 ； 鋁基複合材料 ； 無電鍍鎳 ； 石墨烯

並列摘要

Metal Matrix Composites (MMCs) containing ceramic particles for particulate reinforcement have been developed for the applications demanding high specific stiffness, high strength and wear resistance. For the joining of particulate reinforced MMC, the FSW process provides a promising solution since the ceramic particles would remain uniformly distributed in the weld zone, while the effect of particulate reinforcement would be lost in the fusion zone if the AMCs were welded using conventional fusion welding processes.
In this study, we not only improve the coherence of ceramic particles but also enhance mechanical properties by stirring the graphene nano-flake into stir zone to become MMC. Numerous literature indicates that Al3Ni intermetallic particles has a positive effect on the mechanical properties, so we used electroless plating to coat a nickel thin film on SiC particles. Then, we use chemical vapor deposition (CVD) to grown graphene layer on nickel coated SiC particles. Finally, by stirring nickel coated SiC particles and the graphene-SiC-based multi-scale particulate reinforcement into a 6061 Aluminum alloy substrate by friction stir processing (FSP). A local particulate strengthened zone is formed.
The in situ formation of Al3Ni particles during FSP was confirmed by EDS and XRD analysis. Both Hardness and tensile test showed that the mechanical property of stire zone with SiC or Nickel coated SiC particles is similar. The SEM, BSE observation on longitudinal tensile fracture surface were conducted. A large number of nickel coated SiC particles remained in the dimple structure after two pass FSP. The presence of SiC & nickel coated SiC particles played a major role in improving the wear resistance of 6061 stir zone.

並列關鍵字

Friction stir processing(FSP) ； Metal Matrix Composites ； Electroless-Plating of Nickel ； Graphene

參考文獻

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