- 學位論文
高鐵營運對沿線鄰近住宅之噪音、振動之研究
The Study of the Noise and Vibration Impact from Operation of Taiwan High Speed Rail on the Neighborhood
摘要
台灣高鐵已於九十六年一月五日通車營運，營運至今已經有一年半的時間了，因為高鐵路線規劃的關係，無可避免的，有一些住宅非常鄰近高鐵軌道的高架橋旁，有些住宅離軌道的最近距離都不到十公尺，對於所產生的噪音與振動問題便十分棘手。在本研究中，以頻譜分析儀進行兩戶受影響的陳情戶住宅內、外的噪音、低頻噪音與振動的量測，尤其在振動的領域中，以頻譜分析儀來量測住宅內的振動位準，探討高鐵營運是否產生此一環境污染，並以相關的法規為規範，探討高鐵營運產生的振動是否對居民產生不良影響。 以「環境音量標準」之小時均能音量來量測，將無法真實的反應出高速鐵路在高速行駛時，所產生的噪音振動，應以LAmax(mean)來計算較具代表性。以量測數據來看，沿線噪音雖能符合環保署公佈的「高速鐵路最大音量建議值」之標準，但沿線居民仍深受高鐵所帶來的噪音振動所困擾，判斷主要是短時間突增之噪音及振動波產生之心理感受，但目前法規並未針對交通運輸工具進行低頻噪音與振動的管制。依量測數據來看，噪音、振動仍以高鐵列車的車速為主要的影響因子，在車速較快的沿線住宅，其低頻噪音與振動已經影響到居民淺度的睡眠狀況了。在兩處測點的振動加速度反應不盡相同，其中仁武測點的頻譜反應最大處在50 Hz處，其次是5 Hz ~ 12.5 Hz的範圍，而社內測點的頻譜最大反應卻在40 Hz處，其次則是在3.15 Hz ~ 10 Hz處。
並列摘要
Taiwan High Speed Rail has officially been operating more than one and a half year since January 5, 2007. According to the route plan of Taiwan High Speed Rail, it is unavoidable that some buildings are extremely close to viaducts of high speed rail; even the closest distance is less than ten meters. The noise and vibration issues along with High Speed Rail are also very difficult to handle. In this dissertation, Spectrum analyzer has been used to measure the noises and vibrations in and out sides of two buildings where people have been seriously affected, especially in the vibration field, using spectrum analyzer to measure the level of vibrations in the buildings, in order to discuss whether the operation of Taiwan High Speed Rail has produced environment pollutions, and to obey related regulations, discuss whether the vibrations have bad impacts on the residents. Using the measurement Leq,1h of 「Environmental Noise Standards」 would not truly reflect the noises and vibrations while Taiwan High Speed Rail moves in high speed. LAmax(mean) should be more representative. According to the measured figures, The noises are comply with the standard of High Speed Rail Lmax recommended value published by Environmental Protection Administration Executive Yuan, R.O.C. but the residents still feel annoyed by the noises and vibrations which Taiwan High Speed Rail has brought with. The main reason is the psychic emotion towards the rapidly increased noises and vibrations, but the current regulations do not request transportations to use low noises and vibrations. Based on the measured figures, The high speed is still the main factor to the noises and vibrations, In the buildings along with high speed rail, the low frequency noises and vibrations have affected the residents’ sleeping. It is not the same in response to examine the vibration acceleration that is clicked in two places, In Renwu Site, The frequency spectrum that examines of benevolence a bit reacts in the largest place and locates in 50 Hz, Secondly it is a range of 12.5 Hz of secondly 5 Hz , and sernei site frequency spectrum most big response that order in 40 Hz, in 3.15 Hz and 10 Hz secondly.