- 學位論文
母乳中戴奧辛/呋喃、多氯聯苯、有機氯農藥、多溴聯苯醚和甲狀腺、生長與性荷爾蒙的相關性研究
The study of associations between PCDD/Fs, PCBs, OCPs and PBDEs in breast milk and thyroid, growth, and steroid sex hormones
摘要
戴奧辛、戴奧辛呋喃、多氯聯苯、有機氯農藥、多溴聯苯醚都是已知的可能環境內分泌干擾物質，在人體的半衰期從18天~12年不等，並對人體可能有致癌性的風險。本研究收集了42位平均年齡25~34歲，台灣中部懷孕母親的靜脈血、臍帶血、母乳等檢體，利用高解析氣相/高解析質譜儀分析了胎盤與母乳中的六種戴奧辛、十種戴奧辛呋喃、十二種多氯聯苯、七種有機氯農藥、十二種多溴聯苯醚；使用放射免疫檢驗法分析靜脈血與臍帶血中各12與18種甲狀腺、生長、性荷爾蒙。透過Spearman’s rank相關與因素分析及多變項逐步線性迴歸的搭配分析，本研究發現，在因素縮減之前，戴奧辛類化合物與靜脈血中的前白蛋白（adjusted R2 = 0.353, p value < 0.01）、臍帶血中的三碘甲狀腺素（adjusted R2 = 0.279, p value < 0.01）、三碘甲狀腺原氨酸攝取率（adjusted R2 = 0.392, p value < 0.01）有因果關係，有機氯農藥與靜脈血中的甲狀腺刺激素受體（adjusted R2 = 0.645, p value < 0.01）有因果關係，多溴聯苯醚與靜脈血中的前白蛋白（adjusted R2 = 0.353, p value < 0.01）、臍帶血中的甲狀腺結合球蛋白（adjusted R2 = 0.120, p value < 0.05）有因果關係。 因素分析之後，則多出現了臍帶血的游離四碘甲狀腺素與多溴聯苯醚（adjusted R2 = 0.179, p value < 0.05）有顯著的因果關係，臍帶血的皮質醇副腎上腺素與有機氯農藥（adjusted R2 = 0.108, p value < 0.05）有因果關係，臍帶血的類胰島素生長因子1與有機氯農藥、多氯聯苯（adjusted R2 = 0.276, p value < 0.05）有因果關係。 本研究以統計模式推估四種環境荷爾蒙之間對人體甲狀腺、生長、性荷爾蒙的競爭關係，希望可以替往後的研究提供一些參考資料。
並列摘要
Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs, dioxins), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are environmental endocrine disruptors that have half-lives of 18 days–12 years in the human body and have toxicities that probably include carcinogenesis. In this cohort study of maternal samples, we examined the relationship of PCDD/PCDFs, PCBs, OCPs, and PBDEs exposure to levels of thyroid, growth, and steroid sex hormones in the sera and cord blood of 42 pregnant women 25–34 years of age from central Taiwan. Maternal blood was collected during the third trimester, and the cord blood was collected at delivery. We measured 16 dioxin congeners, 12 dioxin-like PCBs, 7 OCPs, and 12 PBDEs in breast milk using gas chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry. Hormones in maternal serum and cord blood were analyzed by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. With spearman’s rank correlation, Factors analysis,and multiple stepwise linear regression, before factors analysis, the study found the concentrations of mTransthyretin increased with increasing exposure to 2,3,3',4,4',5'-HxCB (157) (β = 0.011, p = 0.014 by the stepwise linear regression model). The concentrations of cT3 increased with increasing exposure to Total PCDDs TEQ (β = 3.48, p = 0.007 by the stepwise linear regression model). The concentrations of cT3U decreased with increasing exposure to 1,2,3,4,7,8-Hexa-CDD (β = -0.406, p = 0.004 by the stepwise linear regression model). Meanwhile, after factors analysis, the concentrations of cCORTISOL decreased with increasing exposure to Heptachlor epoxide+DDE+DDT (β = -4.22, p = 0.046 by the stepwise linear regression model). The concentrations of cIGF1 decreased with increasing exposure to DDE+Total non-ortho PCBs (β = -20.3, p = 0.026 by the stepwise linear regression model). For the statistical competition with PCDD/PCDFs, PCBs, OCPs, this study hopes it can gives people some ideas in future.