- 學位論文
屏東地區母乳及臍帶血中多溴聯苯醚與新生兒甲狀腺荷爾蒙的關聯性
The relationship between Polybrominated diphenyl ethers in human breast milk & umbilical cord blood and new-born baby’s thyroid hormone in pingtung area
摘要
為防範火災發生，人類大量使用添加溴化阻燃劑 (Brominated flame retardants；BFRs)的商品。因而導致人類暴露在多溴聯苯醚(Polybrominated diphenyl ethers；PBDEs)環境機會增多。在已經發表的動物實驗中發現PBDEs的同構物可能會影響新生兒神經發育及甲狀腺荷爾蒙。本研究是收集2007年到2008年屏東地區54位孕婦臍帶血及36位孕婦母乳，並探討母乳及臍帶血中PBDEs與甲狀腺荷爾蒙的關聯性。本研究分析甲狀腺荷爾蒙(T3 (triiodothyronine), T4 (thyroxine), TSH (thyroid stimulating hormones)及free T4 (free thyroxin))濃度是使用化學冷光微粒免疫分析技術 (chemiluminescence Immunoassay；CMIA)，而分析臍帶血血清中PBDEs濃度是使用高解析度氣相層析儀/高解析度氣相質譜儀 (high resolution gas chromatographic mass spectrometry ；HRGC/HRMS)。臍帶血中T3濃度分別與BDE-99（r = - 0.327，p值= 0.017）、BDE-154（r = - 0.314，p值= 0.022）、及BDE-183（r = - 0.271，p值= 0.049）呈顯著相關性。FT3濃度分別與BDE-99（r = - 0.384，p值= 0.005）、BDE-154（r = - 0.305，p值= 0.026）、BDE-183（r = - 0.271，p值= 0.049）、且與總PBDEs（r = - 0.281，p值= 0.041）呈顯著負相關。FT4的濃度與BDE-99（r = - 0.342，p值= 0.012）、BDE-183（r = - 0.273，p值= 0.048）有顯著負相關。此外，FT4×TSH與BDE- 99呈顯著相關性（r = - 0.284，p值= 0.039）。FT4/ T3的比值與BDE-100（r = 0.352，p值= 0.010）、BDE-154（r = 0.414，p值= 0.002）、及BDE-183（r = 0.306，p值= 0.026）無顯著相關性。另36位孕婦母乳中PBDEs濃度。總PBDEs的平均數、中位數、標準差(SD)分別為3.61、2.09及6.71 ng/g lipid。BDE-100（P=0.496）和BDE-153（P=0.197）母體與嬰兒兩個樣本採用配對樣本 t檢驗; 發現沒有顯著差異;其他PBDEs和Σ11PBDEs則呈現差異，發現只有BDE-15，28，100，153，183，197有明顯的相關性和Σ11PBDEs。BDE-47和BDE-153因濃度最高，較易被偵測出來,與英日等國研究結果相似。本研究發現母乳和臍帶血中的PBDEs和甲狀腺荷爾蒙呈顯著相關。
並列摘要
In order to prevent from fire, people use huge products of Brominated flame retardants (BFRs) which leads to more exposure of Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) for the public. In issued animal experiments, it was found that the homogeneous material of PBDEs might impact the neural development and thyroid hormone of new-born baby. The study is to collect the umbilical cord blood of 54 subjects and the human breast milks of 36 subjects in Pingtung area in 2007 and 2008 to explore the relationship between PBDEs in human breast milk & umbilical cord blood and thyroid hormone. The study uses chemiluminescence Immunoassay (CMIA) to analyze the density of (T3 (triiodothyronine), T4 (thyroxine), TSH (thyroid stimulating hormones) and free T4 (free thyroxin), while the high resolution gas chromatographic mass spectrometry (HRGC/HRMS) is used to analyze the intensity of PBDEs in umbilical serum. It is found that the T3 intensity in umbilical chord blood shows significant relationship with BDE-99 (r = - 0.327，p = 0.017), BDE-154 (r = - 0.314，p= 0.022), BDE-183 (r = - 0.271，p= 0.049); while the T3 intensity in umbilical chord blood presents negative relationship with BDE-99 (r = - 0.384，p = 0.005), BDE-154 (r = - 0.305，p= 0.026), BDE-183 (r = - 0.271，p= 0.049) and PBDEs (r = - 0.281，p= 0.041). And there is significantly negative relationship between the intensity of FT4 with BDE-99 (r = - 0.342，p= 0.012)、BDE-183 (r = - 0.273，p= 0.048). Besides, it is significant relevant (r = - 0.284，p= 0.039) between FT4×TSH and BDE- 99. But there is no significant relationship between the ratio of FT4/ T3 and BDE-100 (r = 0.352，p= 0.010), BDE-154 (r = 0.414，p= 0.002), and BDE-183 (r = 0.306，p= 0.026). The mean, median, standard deviation (SD) of the human breast milks of other 36 subjects are respectively 3.61、2.09 and 6.71 ng/g lipid. The couple samples of mother-babies’ BDE-100 (P=0.496) & BDE-153 (P=0.197) are investigated by paired-samples t test. It is found that there is no significant difference between them; but there is difference between other PBDEs and Σ11PBDEs, and only BDE-15, 28, 100, 153, 183, 197and Σ11PBDEs show significant relationship, while the highest intensity of BDE-47 and BDE-153 which are easy to detect are similar to the results of British and Japanese researches. The study found that there is significant relationship between the PBDEs in human breast milk & umbilical chord blood and thyroid hormone.