馴練搜救犬參與搜救之SWOT分析研究

地震、恐怖攻擊爆炸、地鐵出軌、登山失蹤等各類災害的救援能力，端視能否在最短時間內（黃金72小時）有效運用搜救團隊（搜索、搶救破壞、醫師、建築師與後勤補給人員）及搜救犬K-9，迅速動員參與緊急災害救援工作。 1999年9月21日台灣發生芮氏規模7.2地震，當時台灣各縣市未建制設立專屬搶救機構及搜救犬K-9。而美國、日本、新加坡等20個國家共派遣38支搜救隊、103條搜救犬K-9，來台協助人命搶救；台灣第一次經驗了搜救犬K-9參與搜救工作。本文蒐集、探討搜救犬K-9培育馴練應注意事項，利用SWOT分析比較搜救犬K-9與其他搜尋設備之優劣點，並討論搜救犬K-9參與城市搜救及山林原野搜救之可行性及重要性。研究結果顯示搜救犬K-9是災害現場人命搜尋之利器，搜救犬能在最短時間內憑著嗅覺確定生還者的位置，遠比各式先進儀器如生命探測器、紅外線探測器等，更能有效縮短受困者發現契機，相對的能爭取更多救援時間，以利搜救人員判定倒塌物結構及規劃最佳救援方式進行搶救。

關鍵字

黃金72小時；搜救犬K-9 ；緊急災害救援；城市搜救；山林原野搜救； SWOT

並列摘要

The efficiency of rescue ability is usually estimated by the time consumed for aggregating the searching teams and canine to reach the disaster place. On 21 Sept 1999, Taiwan experienced a 7.2 degree earthquake. Totally, there were 38 searching teams and 103 canines from 20 different countries for helping in finding out the victmns from the crashed buildings and structures. It was the first time, Taiwan had canine joined in the disaster rescue. This paper collected and discussed valuable experiences in training canine based on the works done in Pingtung Taiwan. Beside, SWOT analysis is used for the role played of a canine in disaster rescue team. From the results of this study, it is again concluded the importance of canine can not be taken away in a professional rescue team.