- 學位論文
底渣細粒料中水尾土含量對底渣水泥砂漿之影響
The effect of incinerator bottom ash and bottom ash powder when sued in cement mortar
摘要
本研究利用垃圾焚化爐底渣細粒料作為主要試驗材料，並且將底渣細粒料通過#200號篩後，篩選出底渣細粒料中粒徑小於75"μm" 之粉料(俗稱水尾土)取代部分底渣細粒料並與水泥拌和，觀察是否可有效地改善砂漿試體的抗壓、抗彎強度、及孔隙率，再進行室內透水性試驗。 試驗共分成三組水泥含量，分別為250 kg/m3、320 kg/m3及390 kg/m3，並且添加不同比例之水尾土取代底渣細粒料及水泥，取代比例分別為0%、10%、20%和30%，水灰比皆使用0.6，總共12組配比。最後再選擇其中兩組配比製作積木磚頭，並且進行組合積木磚抗彎試驗，此兩組配比內容為水泥含量為321 kg/m3，而水尾土取代底渣細粒料之比例為0%和20%。 由試驗結果顯示，使用水尾土取代水泥，將造成砂漿試體各項強度下降。而取代底渣細粒料後，可有效提升砂漿試體抗壓及抗彎強度，但水尾土取代比例10%時，會造成抗壓強度降低，而且降低80%以上，當水尾土取代比例持續增加後，使得抗壓強度和抗彎強度隨比例增加而增加，而在28天齡期時最大抗壓強度約為215 kgf/cm2；最大抗彎強度約為19 kgf/cm2。 因本研究所使用之骨材為底渣細粒料，造成各組孔隙率較低，各組中孔隙率最大值約為2.55%；最小值為0.19%，在進行室內透水試驗後發現各組透水性極低。最後進行組合積木磚頭抗彎試驗後發現，各組不同卡榫形狀之積木磚頭試體其毀損點皆在積木磚頭試體本身而不是卡榫上，由此結果可發現積木磚頭卡榫可有效的發揮作用使得卡榫之抗剪力作用大於抗張力作用。 關鍵字：底渣細粒料、砂漿、水尾土、積木磚、卡榫。
並列摘要
In this study, fine aggregate from the garbage incinerator bottom slag is used as a major ingredient in cement mortar. The bottom slag powder, which passes #200 sieve, will replace parts of the bottom slag fine aggregate and cement in mortar proportion to investigate the change of compressive, flexural strength, porosity, and permeability of the mortars. The tests contain three groups of mortar specimens with cement content of 250 kg/m3, 320 kg/m3, and 390 kg/m3. In each specimen group, different proportions of bottom ash powder will substitute the bottom slag fine aggregate and cement, by weight percentage 0%, 10%, 20%, and 30% of each material. The water-cement ratio keeps constant as 0.6 in the 12 subgroups of mortar specimens. Based on the results above, considering the workability, two proportions of the mortar are then adopted to manufacture the formed-block bricks, in which the cement dose is 321 kg / m3, and the replacing weight percentages of slag powder to slag fine aggregate are 0% and 20%. The results show that the slag powder replacing the bottom slag fine aggregate effectively improve compressive strength and flexural strength of the mortar, however the 10% replacement, will lower the strength up to 80%. When replacing percentage is higher than 10%, the higher replacing ratio will make the compressive strength and flexural strength increase, 28-day compressive strength can reach 215 kgf / cm2 and flexural strength 19 kgf / cm2 at 30% replacement. Nonetheless, the 40% replacement will make the strength drop dramatically once again. The research also finds that all the specimen groups have low porosity, falling between 2.55% and 0.19%, which induces the very low permeability for each mortar specimen. The bending test on the five-brick-stack set find that the formed-block bricks with different sets tenon-and-mortise are damaged at main body of the bricks rather than at the tenons. It suggests that in the formed-block brick, with the given proportion, the tenon can effectively provides shear resistance from been ripped off when the stacked bricks failed. Keywords: Incineration bottom slag, bottom ash powder, formed brick, tonen