台灣雞隻黴漿菌性及細菌性關節炎之病理學及分子生物學探討

細菌性關節炎為雞隻常見疾病，好發於高溫多濕的台灣地區，導致畜主嚴重經濟損失。主要的病原有黴漿菌 (Mycoplasma spp.)、葡萄球菌 (Staphylococcus spp.)、沙門氏桿菌 (Salmonella spp.)及大腸桿菌 (Escherichia coli, E.coli)。臨床上可見病雞呈現腳弱及生長遲滯之現象，肉眼病變可於關節部位觀察具硬結性凸起或柔軟性腫脹；將之切開後關節部位內含乳白色膿汁或黃白色乾酪狀物質。本研究為收集2013年1月至2013年12月南台灣（即高、屏地區）疑似罹患關節炎之雞隻，對雞隻關節做病理學及分子生物學之探討及分離菌株作藥物敏感試驗，將其結果作相關統計。據病例統計分析，南臺灣雞隻關節炎病例共收集286例，其中化膿性關節炎佔總數55%（158/286）；3~8月為感染高峰期，佔化膿性關節炎病例統計之66.4%（105/158）；好發雞齡由41日齡至90日齡，共佔化膿性關節炎病例數之66.4%；病原統計四種病原分別為Mycoplasma spp. 48例 (30.4%)、Staphylococcus spp. 62例 (39.2%)、Salmonella spp. 72例 (45.6%)、Echerichia coli 97例 (61.4%)，混合感染比例為77%（121/158），其中以E.coli及Salmonella之混合感染比例最高（31/158佔19.6%），藥物敏感試驗結果任取38樣本數以Gentamicin 抑菌效果最佳（32%）、Enrofloxacin次之（20%）。

關鍵字

聚合酶連鎖反應；黴漿菌；葡萄球菌；大腸桿菌；沙門氏菌

並列摘要

Bacterial arthritis, one of the most common diseases for chicken flocks, frequently occurs in the hot and humid areas of Taiwan and causes tremendous economic losses to the poultry industry. The main pathogens causing bacterial arthritis are Mycoplasma spp., Staphylococcus spp., Salmonella spp., and Escherichia coli. Leg-weakness and growth retardation are typical signs seen in clinical cases. Through pathologic examination, hard tubercles and soft swelling containing white-yellowish caseous secretion or pus are found around the knuckles. In the present study, chickens suspected to have bacterial arthritis in southern Taiwan (Pingtung and Kaohsiung) were collected from Jan, 2013 to Dec, 2013. Pathological examination was performed. Pathogens were isolated from the joints for identification by using PCR and drug sensitivity test. Results demonstrated that the total number of arthritis cases was 286 and 158 cases (55%) were confirmed to be bacterial arthritis. Our analysis also revealed that the most prevalent time and age for chicken bacterial arthritis was from March to August (66.4%, 105/158) and from 41 to 90 days of age (66.4%, 105/158), respectively. Results of pathogen identification indicated that Mycoplasma spp. (48 cases, 30.4%), Staphylococcus spp. (62 cases, 39.2%), Salmonella spp.(72 cases, 45.6%) cases, and Escherichia coli (97cases, 61.4%) had a high co-infection rate (77%, 121/158). E. coli and Salmonella was the most common co-infection (19.6%, 31/158). In addition, 38 samples were randomly selected for the drug sensitivity test and Gentamicin showed the best inhibitory effect (32%), followed by Enrofloxacin (20%).

並列關鍵字

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) ； Mycoplasma ； Staphylococcus ； E. coli ； Salmonella

參考文獻

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台灣雞隻黴漿菌性及細菌性關節炎之病理學及分子生物學探討

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