底泥顆粒性有機質與礦物土重金屬分佈探討

Heavy metals distribution characteristic between particulate organic matter and mineral soil in sediment

呂紹君(Shao-Chun Lu)

指導教授 ： 陳庭堅

國立屏東科技大學/工學院/環境工程與科學系所/碩士(2015年)

https://doi.org/10.6346/NPUST.2015.00251

摘要

重金屬污染對環境及人體健康危害重大，含重金屬的工廠排放水、畜牧場廢水以及家庭污水排放至河川將沉積於底泥，底泥重金屬釋出可能藉食物鏈衝擊環境生態及危害人體健康。
本研究利用濕篩分離河川以及水潭底泥粒徑(分別為A、B與C粒徑)，以及利用沉降方法將各粒徑分離成顆粒性有機質(POM)及礦物土(MS)，分別測有機質及重金屬含量，探討POM與MS重金屬含量之差異，藉此了解重金屬在底泥中分佈特性。
結果顯示龍鑾潭底泥A與B粒徑POM金屬全量大於MS金屬全量。以Zn為例，A粒徑POM與MS濃度分別為59.5與18.6 mg/kg，B粒徑POM與MS濃度分別為48.1與47.3 mg/kg，C粒徑POM與MS濃度分別為21.4與47.3 mg/kg。結果顯示武洛溪底泥A粒徑POM金屬全量大於MS金屬全量，而B與C粒徑MS濃度大於POM濃度。金屬全量以Cu為例，A粒徑POM與MS濃度分別為274與160 mg/kg， B粒徑POM與MS濃度分別為48.1與47.3 mg/kg，C粒徑POM與MS濃度分別為21.4與47.3 mg/kg。然而2種底泥MS的質量分率較高，整體重金屬分率仍以MS高於POM。

關鍵字

顆粒性有機質 ； 礦物土 ； 重金屬 ； 濕篩分離

並列摘要

Heavy metal pollution significantly endangers to environment and human health. Domestic, industrial and livestock wastewater could contain heavy metals. When wastewater is discharged into aquatic environment heavy metals are accumulated in sediment. Heavy metal releases into environment that heavy metals could via food chain to endanger ecological system and human health.
This study used wet sieve method to separate sediment into different size, which were taken from water pond and river (particle sizes referred to size A, B, and C). In addition, each particle size was separated into particulate organic matter (POM) and mineral soil (MS) using deposited method. The samples were measured concentrations of organic matter and heavy metals. The objective was intended to investigate the level difference of heavy metals between POM and MS.
The results of total metal show metal level of POM higher than level of MS both sizes A and B in Longluan Tandi Pond. For example, in size A concentration of Zn of POM and MS were 59.5 and 18.6 mg/kg, respectively. In size B, concentrations of POM and MS were 48.1 and 47.3 mg/kg, respectively. In size C, concentrations of POM and MS were 21.4 and 47.3 mg/kg, respectively. However, MS had much high sediment mass fraction than POM the metal mass fractions of MS were higher than metal mass fraction of POM. The results of total metal show metal level of POM higher than level of MS in size A but metal level of MS higher than level of POM in size B and C in sediment of WuLo Creek. For example concentration of Cu, concentrations of POM and MS were 274 and 160 mg/kg in size A, respectively. In size B, concentrations of POM and MS were 83 and 150 mg/kg, respectively. In size C, concentrations of POM and MS were 119 and 148 mg/kg, respectively. However, MS had much high sediment mass fraction than POM in both sediment, the metal mass fractions of MS were higher than metal mass fraction of POM.

並列關鍵字

particulate organic matter ； mineral soil ； heavy metals ； wet sieve

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