- 學位論文
碳化及乾餾產物與益生菌於水產養殖飼料添加之應用實驗
An experiment on carbonized and dry distillation produce and probiotics for aquaculture breeding additives
摘要
碳化原料經碳化製程燒製後所得產物主要分為碳化產物碳化材及經過收集並冷凝後所得之乾餾產物木醋液，其中碳化材由於具有吸附性及隔熱性優良等特點，可廣泛應用於水質及空氣淨化；木醋液則具有殺菌、強化腸胃機能及改善動物消化吸收功能等功用，可作為肥料及飼料添加劑使用。本研究以歐洲山毛櫸木質顆粒為碳化原料進行碳化，探討不同碳化製程所製備之碳化材基本性質，並將碳化材粉碎而成之碳粉與乾餾產出之木醋液精製後作為水產飼料添加物，進行水產養殖實驗，並進行精製木醋液與益生菌對水質改善、碳化及乾餾產物與益生菌對提升淡水長臂大蝦成長率及水質改善之實驗。研究結果顯示變動升溫速率製程除可提升碳收率外，亦可提升比表面積及碘值吸附量之吸附性能。以碳粉、木醋液及益生菌三種添加物，設計四種實驗組合添加於淡水長臂大蝦的養殖飼料添加物，結果顯示碳粉與木醋液可以有效提升蝦隻換肉率，且具縮短飼養週期、減低飼料成本、提早回收之效益。飼料中添加碳粉、木醋液及益生菌皆有助於改善水產養殖池水質，提升養殖池之溶氧量，添加木醋液之飼料可有效降低水中氨氮等。
並列摘要
Plant can be used as materials in dry distillation in which charcoals and vinegar are main products through the carbonization process. Products of charcoals have been extensively utilized in the aspects of absorption and heat isolation and products of vinegar are commonly used in the field of disinfection, functions of protective arginine and enriched total parenteral nutrition for breeding additives and fertilizers. This study experiments the carbonization characteristics and machine made charcoal with various manufacturing processes for beeches from Germany through the designed high pyrolysis carbonization equipment. The carbon produce is then extruded as powder presence with beech wood vinegar, also manufactured through the carbonization processes, for the experiments of aquaculture feeding additives. The experiments are designed as the effect of wood vinegar and probiotics in water clean, and the effect of carbonization produce, wood vinegar, and probiotics as feeding additives in a form of four scenarios for the use of macrobrachium rosenbergii breeding. The experimental results indicate that the mix of carbon powder and wood vinegar as feeding additives on feed conversion rate is significant which may narrow down the feeding period, decrease the food pellets, and therefore increase the return rate. All three feeding additives are effective on the increase of dissolved oxygen and wood vinegar is effective on the decrease of ammonia nitrogen.