生技工廠綠藻渣活化再生為活性碳材料

The activation regeneration of chlorella residue in the biotechnology factory for activated carbon materials

張元銘(Yuan-Ming Chang)

指導教授 ： 蔡文田

國立屏東科技大學/農學院/生物資源研究所/博士(2016年)

摘要

微藻因富含有蛋白質、脂質等多種營養素，且具有易於培植及生長迅速的優勢，而微藻目前最具經濟發展的價值是開發為保健醫療食品，但是，微藻在產製相關產品的過程中會產生一定比例的藻渣生物質，目前其用途多作為飼料與肥料。因此，本研究選擇利用新穎纖維素廢料微藻渣，分別藉由熱重量分析儀(TGA)來進行碳化-物理活化程序，以及另外一種化學活化(鉀鹽活化)-碳化程序，搭配小型實驗室裂解爐，來產製高比表面積的活性碳產品，提升其利用價值。研究的結果顯示，利用熱重分析儀以10 ℃/min的升溫速率到達熱裂解溫度500℃時進行N2-CO2氣體的切換，當熱裂解溫度在950℃、停留持溫時間30 min的條件下，可製得BET表面積達840 m2/g的藻渣活性碳；另外，在80℃下使用藻渣/碳酸鉀含浸比3 g/g進行1小時的化學活化後，放入裂解爐以升溫速率10 ℃/min、熱裂解溫度為700℃、停留持溫時間30 min的操作條件下，可製得BET表面積達1,913 m2/g的藻渣活性碳。更有意義的是，就化學特性分析顯示，以及與市售的活性碳特性相比，本研究所得活性碳含高量的氮元素且幾不含毒性元素，將可作為食用添加用活性碳。

關鍵字

綠藻渣 ； 鉀鹽 ； 化學活化 ； 活性碳 ； 孔洞特性

並列摘要

Microalgae contain many nutrients such as protein and lipid, and possess potential advantages of easy cultivation and rapid growth. Therefore, they have become the most valuable precursors for the development of health-care medical foods or products. On the other hand, microalgal residue will be inevitably generated from the manufacturing process of microalgae-derived products at a certain percentage. This biomass residue is currently reused as feed and fertilizers. In the present study, the chlorella-based microalgal residue was tested as a novel precursor for preparing high-surface area activated carbons by the two processes. One was investigated in a thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) system to proceed carbonization and physical activation with flowing N2 and CO2, respectively. Another process is a combined carbonization-chemical activation with flowing N2 gas in a small-scale laboratory pyrolysis furfance. The results showed that the maximal Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area of the resulting activated carbon, which was produced at the first stage up to 500℃ of carbonization temperature under 10 ℃/min of heating rate and the second stage at activation temperature of 950℃ with the residence time of 30 min, were 840 m2/g. On the other hand, the reuslting activated carbon with over 1,900 m2/g of BET surface area was obtained at 700℃ of activation temperature under 10 ℃/min of heating rate and the residence time of 30 min by potassium carbonate with 3 g/g of impregation ratio (60 min of impregation time at 80℃). More significantly, the resulting activated carbons have high nitrogen contents and no traces of toxic elements as compared to commercial activated carbons, which make them to be used as one of food additives.

並列關鍵字

Chlorella residue ； Potassium salt ； Chemical activation ； Activated carbon ； Pore property

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